them in a calm and sober fashion, that he led up from
them to further deductions of still greater interest
connected with them. The individual articles
were short, and never contained anything superfluous,
in addition to which they were so clearly written,
that they made an instructive and convincing appeal
to the most uneducated mind. By always going
to the root of things, instead of indulging in circumlocutions
which, in politics, have caused such great confusion
in the minds of the uneducated masses, he soon had
a large circle of readers, both among cultivated and
uncultivated people. The only drawback was that
the price of the little weekly paper was too small
to yield him a corresponding profit. Moreover,
it was necessary to warn him that if the reactionary
party should ever come into power again, it could
never possibly forgive him for this newspaper.
His younger brother, Edward, who was paying a visit
at the time in Dresden, declared himself willing to
accept a post as piano-teacher in England, which,
though most uncongenial to him, would be lucrative
and place him in a position to help Rockel’s
family, if, as seemed probable, he met his reward
in prison or on the gallows. Owing to his connection
with various societies, his time was so much taken
up that my intercourse with him was limited to walks,
which became more and more rare. On these occasions
I often got lost in the most wildly speculative and
profound discussions, while this wonderfully exciteable
man always remained calmly reflective and clear-headed.
First and foremost, he had planned a drastic social
reform of the middle classes—as at present
constituted—by aiming at a complete alteration
of the basis of their condition. He constructed
a totally new moral order of things, founded on the
teaching of Proudhon and other socialists regarding
the annihilation of the power of capital, by immediately
productive labour, dispensing with the middleman.
Little by little he converted me, by most seductive
arguments, to his own views, to such an extent that
I began to rebuild my hopes for the realisation of
my ideal in art upon them. Thus there were two
questions which concerned me very nearly: he wished
to abolish matrimony, in the usual acceptation of
the word, altogether. I thereupon asked him what
he thought the result would be of promiscuous intercourse
with women of a doubtful character. With amiable
indignation he gave me to understand that we could
have no idea about the purity of morals in general,
and of the relations of the sexes in particular, so
long as we were unable to free people completely from
the yoke of the trades, guilds, and similar coercive
institutions. He asked me to consider what the
only motive would be which would induce a woman to
surrender herself to a man, when not only the considerations
of money, fortune, position, and family prejudices,
but also the various influences necessarily arising
from these, had disappeared. When I, in my turn,
asked him whence he would obtain persons of great


