Bermuda Objectionable.

Bermuda grass as pasture for summer to supplement burr clover and alfilaria in winter on the cheap hill pasture lands along the coast or the foothill ranges of the Sierras.  Stock like it and do well on it, and I have noticed it growing in places where it had no water but the little rains of winter in southern California.  So the question occurred to me, why should it not be a profitable pasture for the dry summers on the coast or foothill ranges of the State?

Bermuda grass will not make summer growth enough on dry pasture land to make it worth having.  It will not make much growth in the rainy season because of frost, and if it has possession of the ground it will not allow either burr clover or alfilaria to make such winter growth as they will on clean land.  Besides, this grass is generally counted a nuisance, because it will get into all the good cultivated land and it is almost impossible of eradication.  Bermuda grass is of some account on alkali land where it finds moisture enough for free growth.  We would not plant it in any other situation.

Rye Grasses Better than Brome.

I see in an Eastern seed catalogue “Bromus Inermis” very highly spoken of as pasturage.  Do you know anything of it, and do you think it would be suitable for reclaimed tule land in the bay section?

Both English and Italian rye grasses have proved better than Bromus Inermis on such land as you mention.  The latter is commonly known as Hungarian brome grass or awniess brome grass and it was introduced to this State from Europe about 25 years ago and the seed distributed by the University Experiment Station.  Hungarian brome may be better on rather dry lands, although it will not live through the summer on very dry lands in this State, but we would rather trust the rye grasses or reclaimed lands, providing, of course, that they are sufficiently free from salt to carry tame grass at all.  On the upper coast Hungarian brome has been favorably reported as an early-winter growing grass with comparatively low nutritive value, but is especially valuable because it will grow in poor soil.  It is especially suited to sandy pasture and meadow lands and is quite resistant to drought.  It is a perennial grass, reproducing by a stout rootstock, which makes it somewhat difficult to eradicate when it is not desired.  It is desirable to keep stock off the fields during the first year to get a good stand.

Black Medic.

Will you kindly name the enclosed; also explain its value as forage!

The plant is black medic.  It has been very widely distributed over the State during the last few years.  It is sometimes called a new burr clover, which it somewhat resembles.  It is not very freely eaten by stock and is apparently inferior to burr clover for forage purposes.  It is a good plant to plow under for green manure.

Crimson Clover.

About crimson clover in California.  Has it proved satisfactory?  If so, can you give me data how to plant, etc.!