Would it pay me to raise horse beans for fattening hogs?  Horse beans do well.  Would citrons do well there without irrigation, and would they be better than stock-beets for hog feed?

We do not promise anyone that anything will pay.  Horsebeans are good with other feeds for hogs.  Theoretically, they will balance well with pie-melons and beets, and both the latter will produce well on good land with proper cultivation in the valley you mention.  Theoretically, also, we would rather have beets than pie-melons.  The hogs will tell you the rest.

Horse Beans.

Are “horse beans” a leguminous crop and how does their feeding value for hogs compare to cowpeas and Canadian field peas?

They surely are legumes, and they resemble so closely in composition the other legumes which you mention that their feeding value would be practically the same.

Storing Stock Beets.

What is the best method of storing stock beets and stock carrots in this climate?  We can let them remain in the ground and grow until February or March and would like to preserve them for feeding as long as possible.

Stock beets and carrots can be stored in California without recourse to covering with ground or use of a cellar.  They keep very well during the winter if piled under cover in such a way as to keep cool and dry.

Kale for Cow Feed.

What is kale worth for cow feed as compared with alfalfa, also can it be cut and cured the same as alfalfa and what variety is the best?

Kale is very similar to cabbage in growth, and for feeding purposes.  For cow feed it would have about three-fourths the amount of digestible nutrients as green alfalfa, but would have an added value on account of its succulency.  It would go especially well with alfalfa hay.  The Jersey or Thousand-Headed kale is considered the standard for stock or poultry feed.  It is always fed fresh and is not made into hay.

What Kind of Beet for Stock?

Which would be most valuable to plant on river-bottom land for cattle and hog feed, sugar beets or mangels?

Grow a large stock of beet by all means — either a mangel or a tankard.  Usually you will get more weight than with sugar beets; the cost of harvesting is far less, and the nutritive contents high enough.

Keeping Pumpkins.

What is the best way of storing pumpkins, under ordinary farm conditions, in a climate such as we have here in northern California?  I have no facilities for cold storage.

All you have to do in this climate to keep pumpkins is to keep them out of reach of the stock.  They do not need storage of any kind, but will keep in good condition during the late autumn and winter months in any open-air place where they may be convenient for feeding purposes.  In parts of California where there is hard ground freezing, protection must be given by covering with boards or straw or any other material available.  We have no need for root cellars or cold storage, for our winter temperatures are neither high nor low enough to hurt them.