The moral perfection of this character has been called in question, we think, by those who did not understand it.  It is more interesting than according to rules:  amiable, though not faultless.  The ethical delineations of ‘that noble and liberal casuist’ (as Shakespeare has been well called) do not exhibit the drab-coloured quakerism of morality.  His plays are not copied either from The Whole Duty of Man, or from The Academy of Compliments!  We confess, we are a little shocked at the want of refinement in those who are shocked at the want of refinement in Hamlet.  The want of punctilious exactness in his behaviour either partakes of the ‘license of the time’, or else belongs to the very excess of intellectual refinement in the character, which makes the common rules of life, as well as his own purposes, sit loose upon him.  He may be said to be amenable only to the tribunal of his own thoughts, and is too much taken up with the airy world of contemplation to lay as much stress as he ought on the practical consequences of things.  His habitual principles of action are unhinged and out of joint with the time.  His conduct to Ophelia is quite natural in his circumstances.  It is that of assumed severity only.  It is the effect of disappointed hope, of bitter regrets, of affection suspended, not obliterated, by the distractions of the scene around him!  Amidst the natural and preternatural horrors of his situation, he might be excused in delicacy from carrying on a regular courtship.  When ’his father’s spirit was in arms’, it was not a time for the son to make love in.  He could neither marry Ophelia, nor wound her mind by explaining the cause of his alienation, which he durst hardly trust himself to think of.  It would have taken him years to have come to a direct explanation on the point.  In the harassed state of his mind, he could not have done otherwise than he did.  His conduct does not contradict what he says when he sees her funeral: 

     I loved Ophelia:  forty thousand brothers
     Could not with all their quantity of love
     Make up my sum.

Nothing can be more affecting or beautiful than the Queen’s apostrophe to Ophelia on throwing flowers into the grave: 

     —­Sweets to the sweet, farewell. 
     I hop’d thou should’st have been my Hamlet’s wife: 
     I thought thy bride-bed to have deck’d, sweet maid,
     And not have strew’d thy grave.

Shakespeare was thoroughly a master of the mixed motives of human character, and he here shows us the Queen, who was so criminal in some respects, not without sensibility and affection in other relations of life.—­Ophelia is a character almost too exquisitely touching to be dwelt upon.  Oh rose of May, oh flower too soon faded!  Her love, her madness, her death, are described with the truest touches of tenderness and pathos.  It is a character which nobody but Shakespeare could have drawn in the way that he has done, and to