water.  I felt myself justified, therefore, in unceremoniously making captives from what wandering tribes we might fall in with.  And in light of after events I say unhesitatingly that, without having done so, and without having to a small extent used rough treatment to some natives so caught, we could not by any possibility have succeeded in crossing the desert, and should not only have lost our own lives, but possibly those of others who would have made search for us after.  “A man arms himself where his armour is weakest,” so I have read; that, however, is not my case.  I am not justifying myself to myself, or defending a line of action not yet assailed.  I write this in answer to some who have unfavourably criticised my methods, and to those I would say, “Put yourselves in our position, and when sitting in a comfortable armchair at home, in the centre of civilisation, do not, you who have never known want or suffered hardship, be so ready to judge others who, hundreds of miles from their fellow-men, threatened every day with possible death from thirst, were doing their best to lay bare the hidden secrets of an unknown region, as arid and desolate as any the world can show.”

On starting back for camp the gin refused to walk or move in any way, so we had to pack her on Czar, making her as comfortable as possible on Warri’s blankets, with disastrous results thereto.  Arrived at camp, I found that the rock-hole was bottomed, and now quite dry.  Straining the putrid water brought by me through a flannel shirt, boiling it, adding ashes and Epsom salts, we concocted a serviceable beverage.  This, blended with the few gallons of muddy water from the well, formed our supply, which we looked to augment under the guidance of the gin.  After completing our work the well presented the appearance of a large rock-hole, thirty feet deep, conical in shape, of which one-half the contents had been dug out.  This confirmed my opinion that the native wells of these regions are nothing more than holes in the bed-rock, which have been covered over and in by the general deposit of sand.  I had no time to observe for latitude at this spot, the position of which is fixed merely by dead reckoning.  The rock-hole lies eight miles from it to the S.E. by E., and has no guide whatever to its situation.  I christened the well “Patience Well,” and I think it was well named.

From September 8th, 9 a.m., until September 12th, 12.30 a.m., we had worked almost continuously, only taking in turn what sleep we could snatch when one could be spared; and the result, 140 gallons as sum total, inclusive of mud and other matter.