had formerly obtained water by digging.  Here we set to work and dug a well, but only got it down twelve feet by night, no water making its appearance.  The next morning we were at it again, and at fifteen feet we saw the fluid we were delving for.  The water was yellowish, but pure, and there was apparently a good supply.  We had, unfortunately, hit on the top of a rock that covered nearly the whole bottom, and what water we got came in only at one corner.  Two other camels were poisoned in the night, but those that were first attacked were a trifle better.

On the 8th of June more camels were attacked, and it was impossible to get out of this horrible and poisonous region.  The wretched country seems smothered with the poisonous plant.  I dread the reappearance of every morning, for fear of fresh and fatal cases.  This plant, the Gyrostemon, does not seem a certain deadly poison, but as I lost one camel by death from it, at Mr. Palmer’s camp, near Geraldton, and so many are continually becoming prostrated by its virulence, it may be well understood how we dread the sight of it, for none can tell how soon or how many of our animals might be killed.  As it grows here, all over the country, the unpoisoned camels persist in eating it; after they have had a shock, however, they generally leave it entirely alone; but there is, unfortunately, nothing else for them to eat here.

The weather now is very variable.  The thermometer indicated only 18 degrees this morning, and we had thick ice in all the vessels that contained any water overnight; but in the middle of the day it was impossible to sit with comfort, except in the shade.  The flies still swarmed in undiminished millions; there are also great numbers of the small and most annoying sand-flies, which, though almost too minute to be seen, have a marvellous power of making themselves felt.  The well we put down was sunk in a rather large flat between the sandhills.  The whole country is covered with spinifex in every direction, and this, together with the poisonous bushes and a few blood-wood-trees, forms the only vegetation.  The pendulous fringe instead of leaves on the poison bush gives it a strange and weird appearance, and to us it always presents the hideous, and terrible form of a deadly Upas-tree.

CHAPTER 5.4.  FROM 11TH JUNE TO 23RD AUGUST, 1876.

Farther into the desert. 
Sandhills crowned with stones. 
Natives’ smokes and footprints seen. 
Weakened camels. 
Native well. 
Ten days’ waterless march. 
Buzoe’s grave. 
A region of desolation. 
Eagles. 
Birds round the well. 
Natives hovering near. 
Their different smokes. 
Wallaby. 
Sad Solitude’s triumphant reign. 
The Alfred and Marie range once more. 
The Rawlinson range and Mount Destruction. 
Australia twice traversed. 
Fort McKellar. 
Tyndall’s Springs. 
A last search after Gibson.