The manner in which this grain is put on the market is quite novel to me.  I see hundreds of camels loaded with large sacks of grain moving with slow, swinging tread toward Damascus, or returning unloaded to the desert.  The camels proceed in single file, usually ten or more in a train, and each is led by means of a rope fastened to the animal next in front—­the rope of the foremost of all being fastened to the saddle of a donkey, on which the owner, or driver, usually rides.  Many grindstones also are shipped from this country, one large stone constituting a load for a camel.  This land is, also a great grazing region, and for more than three thousand years Bashan has been celebrated for its fine breed of cattle.

Some distance south of Damascus I cross the headwaters of the Pharpar River, whose clear, sparkling water Naaman considered much more suitable for a general’s bath than the muddy water of the Jordan.  At my place of crossing an athlete could clear the stream at a single bound.

The distant scenery deserves more than a passing notice, though but little more can be given here.  Off to the west, in plain view, is Mount Hermon, whose towering, snow-capped summit in all probability looked upon the transfigured person of the Son of Man.  To the east is the Lejah, in, or near which is Edrei, where Og, the giant king of Bashan, was slain in the attempt to hold his realm against the home-seeking Israelites under the leadership of Moses.  South of the Lejah are the Hauran Mountains, now occupied by the Druses, a people of a peculiar religious faith—­a faith which is a mixture of Mohammedan, Christian, and Zoroastrian elements.  One of their beliefs is that the number of souls in existence never varies.  “Accordingly, all the souls now in life have lived in some human form since the creation, and will continue to live till the final destruction of the world.”  To them prayer is thought to be an unwarrantable interference with the Almighty.  They, having colonized this mountain, are at present causing the Turkish government much trouble.  They number about 90,000, and are almost continuously at war with the neighboring Bedouin tribes.  And because of the feuds which prevail here, it is expected, and I believe is a matter of law, that all visitors to this region must have an escort either of soldiers or Bedouins.  Were not robbery and bloodshed so prevalent in the East-Jordan country, its ruins and scenery would attract hundreds of tourists where now but a few ever suffer their curiosity or interest in Bible lands to turn them aside from the beaten paths of travel.  In my course I pass through a portion of the land of which we read in Deut. 3:3-5, noted for its many “rock cities.”  I look upon the ruins of a number of these, but have little opportunity for a close examination.  The most noted ruins that I see are at Sunamein and at Mezarib.  But those who have pressed farther east, and who have made a careful study of the best preserved of these