On the 11th we made the interesting discovery that the Ross Barrier ended in an elevation on the south-east, formed between a chain of mountains running south-eastward from South Victoria Land and another chain on the opposite side, which runs south-westward in continuation of King Edward VII.  Land.

On the 13th we reached lat. 84deg., where we established a depot.  On the 16th we got to 85deg., where again we formed a depot.  From our winter quarters at Framheim we had marched due south the whole time.

On November 17, in lat. 85deg., we came to a spot where the land barrier intersected our route, though for the time being this did not cause us any difficulty.  The barrier here rises in the form of a wave to a height of about 300 feet, and its limit is shown by a few large fissures.  Here we established our main depot.  We took supplies for sixty days on the sledges and left behind enough provisions for thirty days.

The land under which we now lay, and which we were to attack, looked perfectly impossible, with peaks along the barrier which rose to heights of from 2,000 to 10,000 feet.  Farther south we saw more peaks, of 15,000 feet or higher.

Next day we began to climb.  The first part of the work was easy, as the ground rose gradually with smooth snow-slopes below the mountain-side.  Our dogs working well, it did not take us long to get over these slopes.

At the next point we met with some small, very steep glaciers, and here we had to harness twenty dogs to each sledge and take the four sledges in two journeys.  Some places were so steep that it was difficult to use our ski.  Several times we were compelled by deep crevasses to turn back.

On the first day we climbed 2,000 feet.  The next day we crossed small glaciers, and camped at a height of 4,635 feet.  On the third day we were obliged to descend the great Axel Heiberg Glacier, which separates the mountains of the coast from those farther south.

On the following day the longest part of our climbing began.  Many detours had to be made to avoid broad fissures and open crevasses.  Most of them were filled up, as in all probability the glacier had long ago ceased to move; but we had to be very careful, nevertheless, as we could never know the depth of snow that covered them.  Our camp that night was in very picturesque surroundings, at a height of about 5,000 feet.

The glacier was here imprisoned between two mountains of 15,000 feet, which we named after Fridtjof Nansen and Don Pedro Christophersen.

At the bottom of the glacier we saw Ole Engelstad’s great snow-cone rising in the air to 19,000 feet.  The glacier was much broken up in this narrow defile; enormous crevasses seemed as if they would stop our going farther, but fortunately it was not so bad as it looked.