and honourable persons at my expense, who I believe will easily, now that gold is discovered, find five marks in four hours.  In either case it is needful for them to provide for this matter.

“The Commander on his arrival at San Domingo took up his abode in my house, and just as he found it so he appropriated everything to himself.  Well and good; perhaps he was in want of it.  A pirate never acted thus towards a merchant.  About my papers I have a greater grievance, for he has so completely deprived me of them that I have never been able to obtain a single one from him; and those that would have been most useful in my exculpation are precisely those which he has kept most concealed.  Behold the just and honest inquisitor!  Whatever he may have done, they tell me that there has been an end to justice, except in an arbitrary form.  God, our Lord, is present with His strength and wisdom, as of old, and always punishes in the end, especially ingratitude and injuries.”

We must keep in mind the circumstances in which this letter was written if we are to judge it and the writer wisely.  It is a sad example of querulous complaint, in which everything but the writer’s personal point of view is ignored.  No one indeed is more terrible in this world than the Man with a Grievance.  How rarely will human nature in such circumstances retire into the stronghold of silence!  Columbus is asking for pity; but as we read his letter we incline to pity him on grounds quite different from those which he represented.  He complains that the people he was sent to govern have waged war against him as against a Moor; he complains of Ojeda and of Vincenti Yanez Pinzon; of Adrian de Moxeca, and of every other person whom it was his business to govern and hold in restraint.  He complains of the colonists—­the very people, some of them, whom he himself took and impressed from the gaols and purlieus of Cadiz; and then he mingles pious talk about Saint Peter and Daniel in the den of lions with notes on the current price of little girls and big lumps of gold like the eggs of geese, hens, and pullets.  He complains that he is judged as a man would be judged who had been sent out to govern a ready-made colony, and represents instead that he went out to conquer a numerous and warlike people “whose custom and religion are very contrary to ours, and who lived in rocks and mountains”; forgetting that when it suited him for different purposes he described the natives as so peaceable and unwarlike that a thousand of them would not stand against one Christian, and that in any case he was sent out to create a constitution and not merely to administer one.  Very sore indeed is Christopher as he reveals himself in this letter, appealing now to his correspondent, now to the King and Queen, now to that God who is always on the side of the complainant.  “God our Lord is present with His strength and wisdom, as of old, and always punishes in the end, especially ingratitude and injuries.”  Not boastfulness and weakness, let us hope, or our poor Admiral will come off badly.