the driving snow.  On the 29th the weather became calmer and the sun shone —­ a pleasant surprise.  Our course lay over a great glacier, which ran in a southerly direction.  On its eastern side was a chain of mountains running to the southeast.  We had no view of its western part, as this was lost in a thick fog.  At the foot of the Devil’s Glacier we established a depot in lat. 86deg. 21’, calculated for six days.  The hypsometer showed 8,000 feet above sea level.  On November 30 we began to ascend the glacier.  The lower part was much broken up and dangerous, and the thin bridges of snow over the crevasses often broke under us.  From our camp that evening we had a splendid view of the mountains to the east.  Mount Helmer Hansen was the most remarkable of them all; it was 12,000 feet high, and covered by a glacier so rugged that in all probability it would have been impossible to find foothold on it.  Here were also Mounts Oskar Wisting, Sverre Hassel, and Olav Bjaaland, grandly lighted up by the rays of the sun.  In the distance, and only visible from time to time through the driving mists, we saw Mount Thorvald Nilsen, with peaks rising to 15,000 feet.  We could only see those parts of them that lay nearest to us.  It took us three days to get over the Devil’s Glacier, as the weather was unusually misty.

On December 1 we left the glacier in high spirits.  It was cut up by innumerable crevasses and holes.  We were now at a height of 9,370 feet.  In the mist and driving snow it looked as if we had a frozen lake before us; but it proved to be a sloping plateau of ice, full of small blocks of ice.  Our walk across this frozen lake was not pleasant.  The ground under our feet was evidently hollow, and it sounded as if we were walking on empty barrels.  First a man fell through, then a couple of dogs; but they got up again all right.  We could not, of course, use our ski on this smooth-polished ice, but we got on fairly well with the sledges.  We called this place the Devil’s Ballroom.  This part of our march was the most unpleasant of the whole trip.  On December 2 we reached our greatest elevation.  According to the hypsometer and our aneroid barometer we were at a height of 11,075 feet —­ this was in lat. 87deg. 51’.  On December 8 the bad weather came to an end, the sun shone on us once more, and we were able to take our observations again.  It proved that the observations and our reckoning of the distance covered gave exactly the same result —­ namely, 88deg. 16’ S. lat.  Before us lay an absolutely flat plateau, only broken by small crevices.  In the afternoon we passed 88deg. 23’, Shackleton’s farthest south.  We pitched our camp in 88deg. 25’, and established our last depot —­ No. 10.  From 88deg. 25’ the plateau began to descend evenly and very slowly.  We reached 88deg. 29’ on December 9.  On December 10, 88deg. 56’; December 11, 89deg. 15’; December 12, 89deg. 30’; December 13, 89deg. 45’.