he referred the whole matter to the wisdom of his Great Council.  Before he concluded he addressed himself particularly to the newly elected House of Commons, and warmly expressed his approbation of the excellent choice which his people had made.  The speech was received with a low but very significant hum of assent both from above and from below the bar, and was as favourably received by the public as by the Parliament.642 In the Commons an address of thanks was moved by Wharton, faintly opposed by Musgrave, adopted without a division, and carried up by the whole House to Kensington.  At the palace the loyalty of the crowd of gentlemen showed itself in a way which would now be thought hardly consistent with senatorial gravity.  When refreshments were handed round in the antechamber, the Speaker filled his glass, and proposed two toasts, the health of King William, and confusion to King Lewis; and both were drunk with loud acclamations.  Yet near observers could perceive that, though the representatives of the nation were as a body zealous for civil liberty and for the Protestant religion, and though they were prepared to endure every thing rather than see their country again reduced to vassalage, they were anxious and dispirited.  All were thinking of the state of the coin; all were saying that something must be done; and all acknowledged that they did not know what could be done.  “I am afraid,” said a member who expressed what many felt, “that the nation can bear neither the disease nor the cure."643

There was indeed a minority by which the difficulties and dangers of that crisis were seen with malignant delight; and of that minority the keenest, boldest and most factious leader was Howe, whom poverty had made more acrimonious than ever.  He moved that the House should resolve itself into a Committee on the State of the Nation; and the Ministry, for that word may now with propriety be used, readily consented.  Indeed the great question touching the currency could not be brought forward more conveniently than in such a Committee.  When the Speaker had left the chair, Howe harangued against the war as vehemently as he had in former years harangued for it.  He called for peace, peace on any terms.  The nation, he said, resembled a wounded man, fighting desperately on, with blood flowing in torrents.  During a short time the spirit might bear up the frame; but faintness must soon come on.  No moral energy could long hold out against physical exhaustion.  He found very little support.  The great majority of his hearers were fully determined to put every thing to hazard rather than submit to France.  It was sneeringly remarked that the state of his own finances had suggested to him the image of a man bleeding to death, and that, if a cordial were administered to him in the form of a salary, he would trouble himself little about the drained veins of the commonwealth.  “We did not,” said the Whig orators, “degrade ourselves by suing for peace when our flag was chased