so acrimonious and turbulent a spirit.  He found himself still excluded from the House of Commons.  He led, during a few months, a miserable life, sometimes trying to forget his cares among the wellbred gamblers and frail beauties who filled the drawingroom of the Duchess of Mazarine, and sometimes sunk in religious melancholy.  The thought of suicide often rose in his mind.  Soon there was a vacancy in the representation of Buckinghamshire, the county which had repeatedly sent himself and his progenitors to Parliament; and he expected that he should, by the help of Wharton, whose dominion over the Buckinghamshire Whigs was absolute, be returned without difficulty.  Wharton, however, gave his interest to another candidate.  This was a final blow.  The town was agitated by the news that John Hampden had cut his throat, that he had survived his wound a few hours, that he had professed deep penitence for his sins, had requested the prayers of Burnet, and had sent a solemn warning to the Duchess of Mazarine.  A coroner’s jury found a verdict of insanity.  The wretched man had entered on life with the fairest prospects.  He bore a name which was more than noble.  He was heir to an ample estate and to a patrimony much more precious, the confidence and attachment of hundreds of thousands of his countrymen.  His own abilities were considerable, and had been carefully cultivated.  Unhappily ambition and party spirit impelled him to place himself in a situation full of danger.  To that danger his fortitude proved unequal.  He stooped to supplications which saved him and dishonoured him.  From that moment, he never knew peace of mind.  His temper became perverse; and his understanding was perverted by his temper.  He tried to find relief in devotion and in revenge, in fashionable dissipation and in political turmoil.  But the dark shade never passed away from his mind, till, in the twelfth year of his humiliation, his unhappy life was terminated by an unhappy death.626

The result of the general election proved that William had chosen a fortunate moment for dissolving.  The number of new members was about a hundred and sixty; and most of these were known to be thoroughly well affected to the government.627

It was of the highest importance that the House of Commons should, at that moment, be disposed to cooperate cordially with the King.  For it was absolutely necessary to apply a remedy to an internal evil which had by slow degrees grown to a fearful magnitude.  The silver coin, which was then the standard coin of the realm, was in a state at which the boldest and most enlightened statesmen stood aghast.628