those of the Dukes de Berri and d’Angoulême, 700,000; salaries continued to persons formerly in the princes’ service, 228,000.  The total is 33,240,000. — To this must be added the king’s military household and two millions in the princes’ appanages. (A general account of fixed incomes and expenditure on the first of May, 1789, rendered by the minister of finances to the committee on finances of the National Assembly.)

[26].  Warroquier, ibid,(1789) vol.  I., passim.

[27].  An expression of the Comte d’Artois on introducing the officers of his household to his wife.

[28].  The number of light-horsemen and of gendarmes was reduced in 1775 and in 1776; both bodies were suppressed in 1787.

[29].  The President of the 5th French Republic founded by General de Gaulle is even today the source of numerous appointments of great importance. (Sr.)

[30].  Saint-Simon, “Mémoires,” XVI. 456.  This need of being always surrounded continues up to the last moment; in 1791, the queen exclaimed bitterly, speaking of the nobility, “when any proceeding of ours displeases them they are sulky; no one comes to my table; the king retires alone; we have to suffer for our misfortunes.” (Mme. Campan, II. 177.)

[31].  Duc de Lévis, “Souvenirs et Portraits,” 29. — Mme. de Maintenon, “Correspondance.”

[32].  M. de V — who was promised a king’s lieutenancy or command, yields it to one of Mme. de Pompadour’s protégés, obtaining in lieu of it the part of the exempt in “Tartuffe,” played by the seigniors before the king in the small cabinet. (Mme. de Hausset, 168).  “M. de V,- thanked Madame as if she had made him a duke.”

[33].  “Paris, Versailles et les provinces au dix-huitième siècle,” II. 160, 168. — Mercier, “Tableau de Paris,” IV. 150. — De Ségur, “Mémoires,” I. 16.

[34].  “Marie Antoinette,” by D’Arneth and Geffroy, II. 27, 255, 281. “—­ Gustave III.” by Geffroy, November, 1786, bulletin of Mme. de Staël. — D’Hézecques, ibid.. 231. — Archives nationales, 01, 736, a letter by M. Amelot, September 23, 1780. — De Luynes, XV. 260, 367; XVI. 163 ladies, of which 42 are in service, appear and courtesy to the king. 160 men and more than 100 ladies pay their respects to the Dauphin and Dauphine.

[35].  Cochin.  Engravings of a masked ball, of a dress ball, of the king and queen at play, of the interior of the theater (1745).  Customes of Moreau (1777).  Mme. de Genlis, “Dictionaire des etiquettes,” the article parure.

[36].  “The difference between the tone and language of the court and the town was about as perceptible as that between Paris and the provinces. " (De Tilly, “Mémoires,” I. 153.)