aggression.  At night the coolies transported many boxes of cartridges from the Chinese shops to the nagan hushun and the behaviour of the Chinese mob became unbearably audacious.  These coolies and gamins impertinently stopped and searched people right on the streets and sought to provoke fights that would allow them to take anything they wanted.  Through secret news we received from certain Chinese quarters we learned that the Chinese were preparing a pogrom for all the Russians and Mongols in Uliassutai.  We fully realized that it was only necessary to fire one single house at the right part of the town and the entire settlement of wooden buildings would go up in flames.  The whole population prepared to defend themselves, increased the sentinels in the compounds, appointed leaders for certain sections of the town, organized a special fire brigade and prepared horses, carts and food for a hasty flight.  The situation became worse when news arrived from Kobdo that the Chinese there had made a pogrom, killing some of the inhabitants and burning the whole town after a wild looting orgy.  Most of the people got away to the forests on the mountains but it was at night and consequently without warm clothes and without food.  During the following days these mountains around Kobdo heard many cries of misfortune, woe and death.  The severe cold and hunger killed off the women and children out under the open sky of the Mongolian winter.  This news was soon known to the Chinese.  They laughed in mockery and soon organized a big meeting at the nagan hushun to discuss letting the mob and gamins loose on the town.

A young Chinese, the son of a cook of one of the colonists, revealed this news.  We immediately decided to make an investigation.  A Russian officer and my friend joined me with this young Chinese as a guide for a trip to the outskirts of the town.  We feigned simply a stroll but were stopped by the Chinese sentinel on the side of the city toward the nagan hushun with an impertinent command that no one was allowed to leave the town.  As we spoke with him, I noticed that between the town and the nagan hushun Chinese guards were stationed all along the way and that streams of Chinese were moving in that direction.  We saw at once it was impossible to reach the meeting from this approach, so we chose another route.  We left the city from the eastern side and passed along by the camp of the Mongolians who had been reduced to beggary by the Chinese impositions.  There also they were evidently anxiously awaiting the turn of events, for, in spite of the lateness of the hour, none had gone to sleep.  We slipped out on the ice and worked around by the river to the nagan hushun.  As we passed free of the city we began to sneak cautiously along, taking advantage of every bit of cover.  We were armed with revolvers and hand grenades and knew that a small detachment had been prepared in the town to come to our aid, if we should be in danger.  First the young Chinese stole forward with my friend