this prejudice because the lake lies in a region of present volcanic activity, where in the summer on perfectly calm sunny days it sometimes lashes itself into great waves that are dangerous not only to the native fishing boats but also to the large Russian passenger steamers that ply on the lake.  In winter also it sometimes entirely breaks up its covering of ice and gives off great clouds of steam.  Evidently the bottom of the lake is sporadically pierced by discharging hot springs or, perhaps, by streams of lava.  Evidence of some great underground convulsion like this is afforded by the mass of killed fish which at times dams the outlet river in its shallow places.  The lake is exceedingly rich in fish, chiefly varieties of trout and salmon, and is famous for its wonderful “white fish,” which was previously sent all over Siberia and even down into Manchuria so far as Moukden.  It is fat and remarkably tender and produces fine caviar.  Another variety in the lake is the white khayrus or trout, which in the migration season, contrary to the customs of most fish, goes down stream into the Yaga, where it sometimes fills the river from bank to bank with swarms of backs breaking the surface of the water.  However, this fish is not caught, because it is infested with worms and is unfit for food.  Even cats and dogs will not touch it.  This is a very interesting phemonenon and was being investigated and studied by Professor Dorogostaisky of the University at Irkutsk when the coming of the Bolsheviki interrupted his work.

In Khathyl we found a panic.  The Russian detachment of Colonel Kazagrandi, after having twice defeated the Bolsheviki and well on its march against Irkutsk, was suddenly rendered impotent and scattered through internal strife among the officers.  The Bolsheviki took advantage of this situation, increased their forces to one thousand men and began a forward movement to recover what they had lost, while the remnants of Colonel Kazagrandi’s detachment were retreating on Khathyl, where he determined to make his last stand against the Reds.  The inhabitants were loading their movable property with their families into carts and scurrying away from the town, leaving all their cattle and horses to whomsoever should have the power to seize and hold them.  One party intended to hide in the dense larch forest and the mountain ravines not far away, while another party made southward for Muren Kure and Uliassutai.  The morning following our arrival the Mongol official received word that the Red troops had outflanked Colonel Kazagrandi’s men and were approaching Khathyl.  The Mongol loaded his documents and his servants on eleven camels and left his yamen.  Our Mongol guides, without ever saying a word to us, secretly slipped off with him and left us without camels.  Our situation thus became desperate.  We hastened to the colonists who had not yet got away to bargain with them for camels, but they had previously, in anticipation of trouble,