is not, therefore, paid.  But this is not always the case, and the sums named above may be taken as expressing their value.  In England a man should have a very large income indeed who could afford to pay 1000 pounds a year for his house in London.  Such a one would as a matter of course have an establishment in the country, and be an earl, or a duke, or a millionaire.  But it is different in New York.  The resident there shows his wealth chiefly by his house; and though he may probably have a villa at Newport or a box somewhere up the Hudson, he has no second establishment.  Such a house, therefore, will not represent a total expenditure of above 4000 pounds a year.

There are churches on each side of Fifth Avenue—­perhaps five or six within sight at one time—­which add much to the beauty of the street.  They are well built, and in fairly good taste.  These, added to the general well-being and splendid comfort of the place, give it an effect better than the architecture of the individual houses would seem to warrant.  I own that I have enjoyed the vista as I have walked up and down Fifth Avenue, and have felt that the city had a right to be proud of its wealth.  But the greatness and beauty and glory of wealth have on such occasions been all in all with me.  I know no great man, no celebrated statesman, no philanthropist of peculiar note who has lived in Fifth Avenue.  That gentleman on the right made a million of dollars by inventing a shirt collar; this one on the left electrified the world by a lotion; as to the gentleman at the corner there, there are rumors about him and the Cuban slave trade but my informant by no means knows that they are true.  Such are the aristocracy of Fifth Avenue, I can only say that, if I could make a million dollars by a lotion, I should certainly be right to live in such a house as one of those.

The suburbs of New York are, by the nature of the localities, divided from the city by water.  Jersey City and Hoboken are on the other side of the Hudson, and in another State.  Williamsburg and Brooklyn are on Long Island, which is a part of the State of New York.  But these places are as easily reached as Lambeth is reached from Westminster.  Steam ferries ply every three or four minutes; and into these boats coaches, carts, and wagons of any size or weight are driven.  In fact, they make no other stoppage to the commerce than that occasioned by the payment of a few cents.  Such payment, no doubt, is a stoppage; and therefore it is that Jersey City, Brooklyn, and Williamsburg are, at any rate in appearance, very dull and uninviting.  They are, however, very populous.  Many of the quieter citizens prefer to live there; and I am told that the Brooklyn tea parties consider themselves to be, in esthetic feeling, very much ahead of anything of the kind in the more opulent centers of the city.  In beauty of scenery Staten Island is very much the prettiest of the suburbs of New York.  The view