Your Lordships will first be pleased to advert to the state in which Mr. Hastings found the country,—­in what state he found its revenues,—­who were the executive ministers of the government,—­what their conduct was, and by whom they were recommended and supported.  For the evidence of these facts we refer your Lordships to your printed Minutes:  there, my Lords, they stand recorded:  they never can be expunged out of your record, and the memory of mankind, whether we be permitted to press them at this time upon your Lordships or not.  Your Lordships will there find in what manner the government was carried on in Oude in 1775, before the period of Mr. Hastings’s usurpation.  Mr. Hastings, you will find, has himself there stated that the minister was recommended by the Begums; and you will remark this, because Mr. Hastings afterwards makes her interference in the government of her son a part of his crimination of the Begum.

* * * * *

The Resident at the court of Oude thus writes on the 2d of March, 1775.

“Notwithstanding the confidence the Nabob reposes in Murtezza Khan, the Begums are much dissatisfied with his elevation.  They recommended to his Excellency to encourage the old servants of the government, whose influence in the country, and experience, might have strengthened his own authority, and seated him firmly on the musnud.  In some measure this, too, may appear consistent with the interests of the Company; for, as Elija Khan and the old ministers have by frequent instances within their own knowledge experienced the power of our government, such men, I should conceive, are much more likely to pay deference to the Company than a person who at present can have but a very imperfect idea of the degree of attention which ought to be paid to our connection with the Nabob.”

Your Lordships see that the Begums recommended the old servants, contrary to the maxims of Rehoboam,—­those who had served his father and had served the country, and who were strongly inclined to support the English interest there.  Your Lordships will remark the effects of the Begum’s influence upon the state of things in 1775, that the Nabob had been advised by his mother to employ the confidential servants of his father,—­persons conversant in the affairs of the country, persons interested in it, and persons who were well disposed to support the English connection.  Your Lordships will now attend to a letter from Mr. Bristow, at Lucknow, to the board, dated 28th November, 1775.

“I also neglected no part of my duty on the spot, but advised the minister, even at Lucknow, according to my letter of the 3d instant, to recommend it to the Nabob to dismiss his useless and mutinous troops, which measure seems by present appearances to have succeeded beyond expectation:  as the rest of the army do now pay the greatest attention to his Excellency’s orders; already the complaints of the violences