to be admitted, that it rather cuts the knot than
unties it. Eliphaz and Bildad have each spoken
a third time; the symmetry of the general form requires
that now Zophar should speak; and the suggestion,
we believe, was first made by Dr. Kennicott, that
he did speak, and that the verses in question belong
to him. Any one who is accustomed to MSS. will
understand easily how such a mistake,—
if it be one,—might have arisen. Even
in Shakespeare, the speeches in the early editions
are, in many instances, wrongly divided, and assigned
to the wrong persons. It might have arisen from
inadvertence; it might have arisen from the foolishness
of some Jewish transcriber, who resolved, at all costs,
to drag the book into harmony with Judaism, and make
Job unsay his heresy. This view has the merit
of fully clearing up the obscurity; another, however,
has been suggested by Eichorn, who originally followed
Kennicott, but discovered, as he supposed, a less
violent hypothesis, which was equally satisfactory.
He imagines the verses to be a summary by Job of his
adversaries’ opinions, as if he said—
“Listen now; you know what the facts are as well
as I, and yet you maintain this;” and then passed
on with his indirect reply to it. It is possible
that Eichorn may be right—at any rate,
either he is right, or else Dr. Kennicott is.
Certainly, Ewald is not. Taken as an account
of Job’s own conviction, the passage contradicts
the burden of the whole poem. Passing it by,
therefore, and going to what immediately follows, we
arrive at what, in a human sense, is the final climax—
Job’s victory and triumph. He had appealed
to God, and God had not appeared; he had doubted and
fought against his doubts, and, at last, had crushed
them down. He, too, had been taught to look for
God in outward judgments; and when his own experience
had shown him his mistake, he knew not where to turn.
He had been leaning on a braised reed, and it had
run into his hand, and pierced him. But as soon
as in the speeches of his friends he saw it all laid
down in its weakness and its false conclusions—when
he saw the defenders of it wandering further and further
from what he knew to be true, growing every moment,
as if from a consciousness of the unsoundness of their
standing ground, more violent, obstinate, and unreasonable,
the scales fell more and more from his eyes—he
had seen the fact that the wicked might prosper, and
in learning to depend upon his innocency he had felt
that the good man’s support was there, if it
was anywhere; and at last, with all his heart, was
reconciled to it. The mystery of the outer world
becomes deeper to him, but he does not any more try
to understand it. The wisdom which can compass
that, he knows, is not in man; though man search for
it deeper and harder than the miner searches for the
hidden treasures of the earth; and the wisdom which
alone is possible to him, is resignation to God.


