to practice warlike pursuits should be removed from the scene, they might become inferior from want of practice, for a lack of worthy competitors.  As a result of these words all became unanimous in favor of demolishing Carthage, since they felt sure that that people would never remain entirely at peace.  The whole town was therefore overthrown from pinnacle to foundation and it was decreed that for any person to settle upon its site should be an accursed act.  The majority of the population captured were thrown into prison and there perished, and some few (still excepting the very foremost men) were sold.  These leaders and the hostages and Hasdrubal and Bithias lived to the end of their lives in different parts of Italy as prisoners, yet free from bonds.  Scipio secured both glory and honor and was called Africanus not after his grandfather but from his own achievements.

IX, 31.—­This year likewise saw the ruin of Corinth.  The head men of the Greeks had been deported to Italy by AEmilius Paulus, whereupon their countrymen at first through embassies kept requesting the return of the men, and when their prayers were not granted some of the exiles in despair of ever effecting a return to their homes committed suicide.  The Greeks took this situation with a very bad grace and made it a matter of public lamentation, besides evincing anger at any persons dwelling among them that favored the Roman cause; yet they displayed no open symptoms of hostility until they got back the remnants of those hostages. [Sidenote:  B.C. 149 (a.u. 605)] Then those that had been wronged and those that had obtained a hold upon the goods of others fell into strife and began a real warfare. [Sidenote:  FRAG. 72] THE QUARREL BEGAN BY THE ACTION OF THE ACHAEANS IN BRINGING CHARGES AGAINST THE LACEDAEMONIANS AS BEING RESPONSIBLE FOR WHAT HAD HAPPENED TO THEM.  THE MEDIATORS WHOM THE ROMANS DESPATCHED TO THEM THEY WOULD NOT HEED:  they rather set their faces toward war, acting under the supervision of Critolaus.  Metellus was consequently afraid that they might lay hands on Macedonia,—­[Sidenote:  B.C. 148 (a.u. 606)] they had already appeared in Thessaly,—­and so he went to meet them and routed them.

At the fall of Critolaus the Greek world was split asunder.  Some of them had embraced peace and laid down their weapons, whereas others had committed their interests to the care of Diaeus and were still involved in factional turmoil. [Sidenote:  B.C. 146 (a.u. 608)] On learning this the people of Rome sent Mummius against them.  He got rid of Metellus and gave his personal attention to the war.  Part of his army sustained a slight reverse through an ambuscade and Diaeus pursued the fugitives up to their own camp, but Mummius made a sortie, routed him, and followed to the Achaean entrenchments.  Diaeus now gathered a larger force and undertook to give battle to them, but, as the Romans would make no hostile demonstration, he conceived a contempt for