At this time, too, the affairs of Cappadocia were settled in the following manner.  The monarch of that country, Ariarathes, had a legitimate son Ariarathes.  But since for a long time before she had this son his wife had failed to conceive, she had adopted a child whom she called Orophernes.  When the true son was later born the position of the other was detected and he was banished.  Naturally after the death of Ariarathes he headed an uprising against his brother.  Eumenes allied himself with Ariarathes, and Demetrius the king of Syria with Orophernes.  Ariarathes after sustaining a defeat found an asylum with the Romans and was appointed by them to share the kingdom with Orophernes.  But the fact that Ariarathes had been termed “friend and ally” by the Romans enabled him subsequently to make the entire domain his own.  Attalus soon succeeded Eumenes (who died) and drove Orophernes and Demetrius out of Cappadocia altogether.

IX, 25.—­Ptolemy, ruler of Egypt, passed away leaving two sons and one daughter.  When the brothers began to quarrel with each other about the supreme office, Antiochus the son of Antiochus the Great sheltered the younger, who had been driven out, in order that under the pretext of defending him he might interfere in Egyptian politics.  In a campaign directed against Egypt he conquered the greater part of the country and spent some time in besieging Alexandria.  As the unsubdued sought refuge with the Romans, Popilius was sent to Antiochus and bade him keep his hands off Egypt; for the brothers, comprehending the designs of Antiochus, had become reconciled.  When the latter was for putting off his reply, Popilius drew a circle about him with his staff and demanded that he deliberate and answer standing where he was.  Antiochus then in fear raised the siege.  The Ptolemies (such was the name of both princes) on being relieved of foreign dread fell into renewed disputing.  Then they were reconciled again by the Romans on the condition that the elder should have Egypt and Cyprus, and the other one the country about Cyrene, which was likewise part of Egypt at that time.  The younger one was vexed at having the inferior portion and came to Rome where he secured from the government a grant of Cyprus in addition.  Then the elder once more effected an arrangement with the younger son by giving him some cities in exchange for Cyprus and being rated to contribute money and grain.

[Sidenote:  B.C. 164 (a.u. 590)] Antiochus subsequently died, leaving the kingdom to a child of the same name whom the Romans confirmed in possession of it and sent three men (with sufficient show of reason, for he was a minor) to act as his guardians.  They on finding elephants and triremes contrary to the compact ordered the elephants all to be slain and administered everything else in the interest of Rome.  Therefore Lysias, who had been entrusted with the surveillance of the king, incited the populace to cast out the Romans and also kill Gaius[39] Octavius.  When