of the crater-rows shown by Schmidt, between this crater and the crest, has often been noted.  The N.E. wall is very remarkable.  It appears to be partially wrecked.  If observed at an early stage of sunrise, a great number of undulating ridges and rows of hillocks will be seen crossing the region E. of Theophilus.  They resemble a consolidated stream of “ropy” lava which has flowed through and over the wall and down the glacis.  The arrangement of the ridges within Cyrillus is very noteworthy, as is also the triple mountain near the centre of the floor.  The fine curved cleft thereon traverses the W. side, sweeping round the central mountains, and then turning to the south.  I have only occasionally seen it in its entirety.  There are also two oblong dark patches on the S. side of the interior.  The S. wall of Cyrillus is broken by a narrow pass opening out into a valley situated on the plateau which bounds the W. side of the oblong formation lying between it and Catherina, and overlooking a curious shallow square-shaped enclosure abutting on the S.W. side of Cyrillus.

CATHERINA.—­The largest of the three great formations:  a ring-plain with a very irregular outline, extending more than 70 miles in a meridional direction, and of still greater width.  The wall is comparatively narrow and low on the N.E. (8000 feet above the floor), but on the N.W. it rises to more than double this height, and is broken by some large depressions.  The inner slope on the S.E. is very gentle, and includes two bright craters, but exhibits only slight indications of terraces.  The most remarkable features on an otherwise even interior are the large low narrow ring (with a crater within it), occupying fully a third of the area of the floor, and a large ring-plain on the S. side.

MADLER.—­The interest attaching to this formation is not to be measured by its size, for it is only about 20 miles in diameter, but by the remarkable character of its surroundings.  Its bright regular wall, rising 6000 feet on the E. and only about half as much on the W., above a rather dark interior, is everywhere continuous, except at one place on the N. Here there is a narrow gap (flanked on the E. by a somewhat obscure little crater) through which a curious bent ridge coming up from the N. passes, and, extending on to the floor, expands into something resembling a central mountain.  Under a high sun Madler has a very peculiar appearance.  The lofty E. wall is barely perceptible, while the much lower W. border is conspicuously brilliant; and the E. half of the floor is dark, while the remainder, with two objects representing the loftier portions of the intrusive ridge, is prominently white.  Under an evening sun, with the terminator lying some distance to the W., a very remarkable obscure ring with a low border, a valley running round it on the W. side, and two large central mounds, may be easily traced.  This object is connected with Madler by what appears to be under a higher sun a bright elbow-shaped marking, in connection with which I have often suspected a delicate cleft.  Between the obtuse-angled bend of this object and the W. wall of Madler, two large circular dark spots may be seen under a high sun; and on the surface of the Mare N. of it, a great number of delicate white spots.