gladness, and light, and beauty around.  Above the heads of the heavenly coursers, hovers the morning star, in the form of a youthful cherub, bearing his flaming torch.  Nothing is more admirable in this beautiful composition, than the motion given to the whole.  The smooth and rapid step of the circling Hours as they tread on the fleecy clouds; the fiery steeds; the whirling wheels of the car; the torch of Lucifer, blown back by the velocity of his advance; and the form of Aurora, borne through the ambient air, till you almost fear she should float from your sight; all realize the illusion.  You seem admitted into the world of fancy, and revel in its brightest creations.

In the midst of such youth and loveliness, the dusky figure of Phoebus appears to great disadvantage.  It is not happily conceived.  Yet his air is noble and godlike, and his free commanding action, and conscious ease, as he carelessly guides, with one hand, the fiery steeds that are harnessed to his flaming car, may, perhaps, compensate in some degree for his want of beauty; for he certainly is not handsome; and I looked in vain for the youthful majesty of the god of day, and thought on Apollo Belvedere.  Had Guido thought of it too, he never could have made this head, which is, I think, the great and only defect of this exquisite painting; and what makes it of more importance, is, that Apollo, not Aurora, is the principal figure—­the first that catches the eye, and which, in spite of our dissatisfaction, we are to the last obliged to contemplate.  The defects of his Apollo are a new proof of what I have very frequently observed, that Guido succeeded far better in feminine than in masculine beauty.  His female forms, in their loveliness, their delicacy, their grace and sweetness are faultless; and the beauty and innocence of his infants have seldom been equalled; but he rarely gave to manly beauty and vigour a character that was noble.

From the Aurora of Guido, we must turn to the rival Aurora of Guercino, in the Villa Ludovisi.  In spite of Guido’s bad head of Apollo, and in spite of Guercino’s magic chiaroscuro, I confess myself disposed to give the preference to Guido.  In the first place, there is not the same unity of composition in Guercino’s.  It is very fine in all its parts; but still it is in parts.  It is not so fine a whole, nor is it so perfect a composition, nor has it the same charm as Guido’s.  Neither is there the same ideal beauty in the Aurora.  Guercino’s is a mortal—­Guido’s a truly ethereal being.  Guercino’s Aurora is in her car, drawn by two heavenly steeds, and the shades of night seem to dissipate at her approach.  Old Tithonus, whom she has left behind her seems half awake; and the morning star, under the figure of a winged genius bearing his kindled torch, follows her course.  In a separate compartment, Night, in the form of a woman, is sitting musing, or slumbering, over a book.  She has much of the character of