of the Church, my constant pleasure lay in learning,
or teaching, or writing.” The words sketch
for us a scholar’s life, the more touching in
its simplicity that it is the life of the first great
English scholar. The quiet grandeur of a life
consecrated to knowledge, the tranquil pleasure that
lies in learning and teaching and writing, dawned
for Englishmen in the story of Baeda. While still
young he became a teacher, and six hundred monks besides
strangers that flocked thither for instruction formed
his school of Jarrow. It is hard to imagine how
among the toils of the schoolmaster and the duties
of the monk, Baeda could have found time for the composition
of the numerous works that made his name famous in
the West. But materials for study had accumulated
in Northumbria through the journeys of Wilfrid and
Benedict Biscop and the libraries which were forming
at Wearmouth and York. The tradition of the older
Irish teachers still lingered to direct the young scholar
into that path of Scriptural interpretation to which
he chiefly owed his fame. Greek, a rare accomplishment
in the West, came to him from the school which the
Greek Archbishop Theodore founded beneath the walls
of Canterbury. His skill in the ecclesiastical
chant was derived from a Roman cantor whom Pope Vitalian
sent in the train of Benedict Biscop. Little
by little the young scholar thus made himself master
of the whole range of the science of his time; he
became, as Burke rightly styled him, “the father
of English learning.” The tradition of the
older classic culture was first revived for England
in his quotations of Plato and Aristotle, of Seneca
and Cicero, of Lucretius and Ovid. Virgil cast
over him the same spell that he cast over Dante; verses
from the AEneid break his narratives of martyrdoms,
and the disciple ventures on the track of the great
master in a little eclogue descriptive of the approach
of spring. His work was done with small aid from
others. “I am my own secretary,”
he writes; “I make my own notes. I am my
own librarian.” But forty-five works remained
after his death to attest his prodigious industry.
In his own eyes and those of his contemporaries the
most important among these were the commentaries and
homilies upon various books of the Bible which he
had drawn from the writings of the Fathers. But
he was far from confining himself to theology.
In treatises compiled as textbooks for his scholars,
Baeda threw together all that the world had then accumulated
in astronomy and meteorology, in physics and music,
in philosophy, grammar, rhetoric, arithmetic, medicine.
But the encyclopaedic character of his researches
left him in heart a simple Englishman. He loved
his own English tongue, he was skilled in English song,
his last work was a translation into English of the
Gospel of St. John, and almost the last words that
broke from his lips were some English rimes upon death.


