Howe, Richard, Earl, British Admiral, appointed to command North
          American Station, 1776, 30;
    invested also with powers as peace commissioner, 39;
    arrives at New York, 39;
    failure of peace negotiations, 39;
    operations at and about New York, 39, 42-47;
    tribute of, to force under his command, 47;
    accompanies army expedition to Chesapeake Bay, 52;
    operations in the Delaware, 53-55, and coastwise, 56;
    purpose of d’Estaing to intercept, in Delaware, 59;
    serious exposure of, through inadequate force, 62, 66;
    “extricates himself by rapid movements, 62-64;
    preparations to defend entrance to New York, 65-68;
    inferiority of force to d’Estaing, 66;
    follows French Fleet to Narragansett Bay, 70, and by his
          presence there induces d’Estaing to abandon siege of
          Newport, and put to sea, 73;
    manoeuvres of, with inferior force, 73-75;
    fleet of, scattered by gale, 75;
    returns to New York, 76, and again follows French Fleet to
          Boston, 77;
    admirable qualities of, as illustrated in this campaign, 78;
    futile contemporary criticism of, 79;
    relinquishes command, and returns to England, 1778, 81;
    not employed again, until change of Ministry, 1782, 81, 227;
    appointed to command Channel Fleet, 1782, and primary operations
          there, 227-229;
    successful evasion of very superior Franco-Spanish Fleet, 229;
    skilful conduct of relief of Gibraltar by, 1782, 229-231;
    engagement with Allied Fleet, 232;
    special qualities of, again illustrated, 232;
    French eulogy of, 232, and of force under his command, 233.

  Howe, Sir William (brother of Earl), British General, failure of
          to support Burgoyne, 1777, 28, 51, 52;
    evacuates Boston, 1776, and retires to Halifax, 29, 30;
    extent of regions under his command-in-chief, 30;
    appointed peace commissioner, jointly with Lord Howe, 39;
    goes from Halifax to New York, 39;
    fruitless peace negotiations, 39;
    reduction of New York by, 42-45;
    subsequent operations of, to Battle of Trenton, 45-49;
    constitutional sluggishness of, 45, 47;
    occupies Narragansett Bay, 48;
    injudicious extension of front of operations, 48;
    small results after New York, 49;
    rewarded with the Order of the Bath, 49;
    takes the greater part of his force to Chesapeake Bay, 52;
    effect of this upon Burgoyne’s operations, 52, 53, 55;
    occupies Philadelphia, 53;
    this success worse than fruitless, 56;
    relieved in command by Clinton, and returns to England, 56, 63.

  Hudson River, a link in the chain of water communications from
          Canada to New York, 7, 30, 45;
    mentioned, 28, 41, 44, 45, 46, 49, 50, 51, 53;
    alternative name, North River, 41;
    Washington retreats across, into New Jersey, 45;
    British advance up valley of, 1777, 55.