JESUITS, Order of: 
  its importance in the Counter-Reformation, i. 229;
  the Diacatholicon, 231;
  works on the history of the Order, 231 n.;
  sketch of the life of Ignatius Loyola, 231 sqq.;
  the first foundation of the Exercitia, 236;
  Peter Faber and Francis Xavier, 239;
  the vows taken by Ignatius and his neophytes at Paris, 240;
  their proposed mission to the Holy Land, 241;
  their visits to Venice and Rome, 242 sq.;
  the name of the Order, 244;
  negotiations in Rome, 245;
  the fourth vow, 246;
  the constitutions approved by Paul III., 247;
  the Directorium of Lainez, 249;
  the original limit of the number of members, ib.;
  Loyola’s administration, 250;
  asceticism deprecated, 251;
  worldly wisdom of the founder, 253;
  rapid spread of the Order, 254;
  the Collegium Romanum, 255;
  Collegium Germanicum, ib.;
  the Order deemed rivals by the Dominicans in Spain, ib.;
  successes in Portugal, 256;
  difficulties in France, 257;
  in the Low Countries, ib.;
  in Bavaria and Austria, 258;
  Loyola’s dictatorship, 259;
  his adroitness in managing distinguished members of his Order, 260;
  statistics of the Jesuits at Loyola’s death, ib.;
  the autocracy of the General, 261;
  Jesuit precepts on obedience, 263 sq.;
  addiction to Catholicism, 266;
  the spiritual drill of the Exercitia Spiritualia, 267;
  materialistic imagination, 268;
  psychological adroitness of the method, 269;
  position and treatment of the novice, 270;
  the Jesuit Hierarchy, 271;
  the General, 272;
  five sworn spies to watch him, 273;
  a system of espionage through the Order, 274;
  position of a Jesuit, ib.;
  the Black Pope, 275;
  the working of the Jesuit vow of poverty, 275 sq.;
  revision of the Constitutions by Lainez, 277;
  the question about the Monita Secreta, 277 sqq.;
  estimate of the historical importance of the Jesuits, 280 sq.;
  their methods of mental tyranny, 281;
  Jesuitical education, 282;
  desire to gain the control of youth, 283;
  their general aim the aggrandizement of the Order, 284;
  treatment of etudes fortes, ib.;
  admixture of falsehood and truth, 285;
  sham learning and sham art, 286;
  Jesuit morality, 287;
  manipulation of the conscience, 288;
  casuistical ethics, 290;
  system of confession and direction, 293;
  political intrigues and doctrines, 294 sqq.;
  the theory of the sovereignty of the people, 296;
  Jesuit connection with political plots, 297;
  suspected in regard to the deaths of Popes, 298;
  the Order expelled from various countries, 299 n.;
  relations of Jesuits to Rome, 299;
  their lax morality in regard to homicide, 306 n., 314;
  their support of the Interdict of Venice, ii. 198 sqq.