10. gy’ap.
    20. kyedeel = 1 man.
    30. gulewulgy’ap.
    40. t’epqadalgyitk, or tqalpqwulgyap.
    50. kctoncwulgyap.
   100. kcenecal.
   200. k’pal.
   300. k’pal te kcenecal = 200 + 100.
   400. kyedal.
   500. kyedal te kcenecal = 400 + 100.
   600. gulalegyitk.
   700. gulalegyitk te kcenecal = 600 + 100.
   800. tqalpqtalegyitk.
   900. tqalpqtalegyitk te kcenecal = 800 + 100.
  1000. k’pal.

To the unobservant eye this scale would certainly appear to contain no more than a trace of the vigesimal in its structure.  But Dr. Boas, who is one of the most careful and accurate of investigators, says in his comment on this system:  “It will be seen at once that this system is quinary-vigesimal....  In 20 we find the word gyat, man.  The hundreds are identical with the numerals used in counting men (see p. 87), and then the quinary-vigesimal system is most evident.”

  RIO NORTE INDIANS.[362]

20. taiguaco. 30. taiguaco co juyopamauj ajte = 20 + 2 x 5. 40. taiguaco ajte = 20 x 2. 50. taiguaco ajte co juyopamauj ajte = 20 x 2 + 5 x 2.

  CARIBS OF ESSIQUIBO, GUIANA

10. oween-abatoro. 20. owee-carena = 1 person. 40. oko-carena = 2 persons. 60. oroowa-carena = 3 persons.

  OTOMI

    10. ra-tta.
    20. na-te.
    30. na-te-m’a-ratta = 20 + 10.
    40. yo-te = 2 x 30.
    50. yote-m’a-ratta = 2 x 20 + 10.
    60. hiu-te = 3 x 20.
    70. hiute-m’a-ratta = 3 x 20 + 10.
    80. gooho-rate = 4 x 20.
    90. gooho-rate-m’a ratta = 4 x 20 + 10.
   100. cytta-te = 5 x 20,
          or nanthebe = 1 x 100.

MAYA, YUCATAN.[363]

1. hun.
10. lahun = it is finished.
20. hunkal = a measure, or more correctly, a fastening together.
30. lahucakal = 40 — 10?
40. cakal = 2 x 20.
50. lahuyoxkal = 60 — 10.
60. oxkal = 3 x 20.
70. lahucankal = 80 — 10.
80. cankal = 4 x 20.
90. lahuyokal = 100 — 10.
100. hokal = 5 x 20.
110. lahu uackal = 120 — 10.
120. uackal = 6 x 20.
130. lahu uuckal = 140 — 10.
140. uuckal = 7 x 20.
200. lahuncal = 10 x 20.
300. holhukal = 15 x 20.
400. hunbak = 1 tying around.
500. hotubak.
600. lahutubak
800. calbak = 2 x 400.
900. hotu yoxbak.
1000. lahuyoxbak.
1200. oxbak = 3 x 400.
2000. capic (modern).
8000. hunpic = 1 sack.
16,000. ca pic (ancient).
160,000. calab = a filling full
3,200,000. kinchil.
64,000,000. hunalau.

In the Maya scale we have one of the best and most extended examples of vigesimal numeration ever developed by any race.  To show in a more striking and forcible manner the perfect regularity of the system, the following tabulation is made of the various Maya units, which will correspond to the “10 units make one ten, 10 tens make one hundred, 10 hundreds make one thousand,” etc., which old-fashioned arithmetic compelled us to learn in childhood.  The scale is just as regular by twenties in Maya as by tens in English.  It is[364]