The cave had evidently been occupied for a very long time, the houses showing many alterations and additions, and on the walls I counted as many as twelve coatings of plaster and whitewash.  The conventional design of the ear of corn is well preserved in every doorway.  Rude scrawlings of soot and water cover nearly all the front walls, mixed here and there with a few traces of red ochre.  There are meander designs, lightning, and drawings of cows and horses; but the latter were doubtless put on after the walls were demolished, and their general appearance denotes recentness.

Several of the cyclopean riffles lead from the cave cliff to the stream.

The houses here, as well as in all other caves we examined, were built entirely of a powdery substance, the decomposed material of the cave itself.  Great quantities of it were found on the floors of caves which had not been occupied by man.  It is not of a sandy nature, and its colour is light brown, sometimes almost grey, or even white.  The ancient builders simply had to mix it with water and mould it into bricks, which, though fairly uniform in thickness, were very irregular in size.  There were no marks of implements on the walls; all the work seems to have been done by hand and smoothed over with some wetted fabric.  In one cave of this valley the walls show finger-marks on the plaster.  Occasionally we found a small boulder of hard stone embedded in the wall.

The most unique feature of this cave, however, is the cupola-shaped structure which stands in an open space in front of the house group, near the mouth of the cave, but still under its roof.  Its height, measured inside, is twelve feet, and its widest inside diameter is eleven feet.  Its walls average eight inches in thickness.  It has one aperture three feet wide at the top, another one of the same dimension near the base, and there are several others nearly opposite each other.  In the two upper ones are seen distinct impressions of timber in the plaster.

The building was made by twisting long grass into a compact cable and laying it up, one round upon another.  As the coil proceeded, thick coats of plaster were laid on inside and outside.  This plaster, which is the same material as that of which the houses are constructed, got thoroughly mixed with the straw during the process of building, and the entire structure was finished without any opening except the one at the top.  The other apertures were undoubtedly cut out afterward.  There is no trace of withes or other binding material to hold the straw cables in place.  They are kept in position only by the plaster, which here, as in the houses, is almost as hard as the conglomerate of the surrounding rocks.