[Footnote 28:  Backus, New England, I., 277.]

[Footnote 29:  R.I.  Col.  Records, I., 328.]

[Footnote 30:  Mass.  Col.  Records, IV., pt. i., 333.]

[Footnote 31:  R.I.  Col.  Records, I., 364.]

[Footnote 32:  Doyle, English Colonies, II., 319.]

[Footnote 33:  Bradford, Plimoth Plantation, 370, 371.]

[Footnote 34:  Trumbull, Connecticut, I., 41.]

[Footnote 35:  Ibid., 31; Bradford, Plimoth Plantation, 371.]

[Footnote 36:  Winthrop, New England, I., 62.]

[Footnote 37:  Ibid., 132, 162.]

[Footnote 38:  Bradford, Plimoth Plantation, 373; Brodhead, New York, I., 241.]

[Footnote 39:  Winthrop, New England, I., 133.]

[Footnote 40:  Bradford, Plimoth Plantation, 373; Brodhead, New York, I., 242.]

[Footnote 41:  Bradford, Plimoth Plantation, 388, 402.]

[Footnote 42:  Winthrop, New England, I., 129.]

[Footnote 43:  Mass.  Col.  Records, I., 119.]

[Footnote 44:  Winthrop, New England, I., 159.]

[Footnote 45:  Ibid., 167.]

[Footnote 46:  Trumbull, Connecticut, I., 59.]

[Footnote 47:  Mass.  Col.  Records, I., 146.]

[Footnote 48:  Bradford, Plimoth Plantation, 402-406.]

[Footnote 49:  Winthrop, New England, I., 204.]

[Footnote 50:  Ibid., 208, 219.]

[Footnote 51:  Winthrop, New England, I., 223.]

[Footnote 52:  Trumbull, Memorial History of Hartford County.]

[Footnote 53:  Palfrey, New England, I., 454.]

[Footnote 54:  Trumbull, Connecticut, I., 495.]

[Footnote 55:  Mass.  Hist.  Soc., Collections, 4th series, VI., 579.]

[Footnote 56:  Trumbull, Connecticut, I., 497.]

[Footnote 57:  Winthrop, New England, I., 207.]

[Footnote 58:  Brodhead, New York, I., 260.]

[Footnote 59:  Mass, Col.  Records, I., 170.]

CHAPTER XV

FOUNDING OF CONNECTICUT AND NEW HAVEN

(1637-1652)

The establishment of the new settlements on the Connecticut projected the whites into the immediate neighborhood of two powerful and warlike Indian nations—­the Narragansetts in Rhode Island and the Pequots in Connecticut.  With the first named there existed friendly relations, due to the politic conduct of Roger Williams, who always treated the Indians kindly.  With the latter, conditions from the first were very threatening.

As early as the summer of 1633, Stone, a reckless ship-captain from Virginia, and eight of his companions, were slain in the Connecticut River by some Pequots.  When called to account by Governor Winthrop of Massachusetts, the Indians justified themselves on the ground that Stone was the aggressor.  Thereupon Winthrop desisted, and referred the matter to the Virginia authorities.[1] In 1634, when the settlements were forming on the Connecticut, a fresh irritation was caused by the course of the emigrants in negotiating for their lands with the Mohegan chiefs instead of with the Pequots, the lords paramount of the soil.