One million of gold and upward enters China yearly through the Portuguese alone.

The Portuguese pay anchorage at Machan according to the beam and length of their ships, and whether they enter light or laden.  The length is measured from the mizzenmast to the bow, and the beam from edge to edge.  According as the ship is larger or smaller it pays.  The [standard of] measure is one cana, and so much is paid for each measure.  Consequently, a ship of three hundred toneladas will pay three or four thousand taes of silver.  The Portuguese formerly paid the said anchorage in brasil-wood and in other merchandise which they carried; but for two or three years past they have had to pay it in silver.  They do not like that as well as the other method.  If, perchance, the ships have to lay up for the winter, even if they are the ships of the inhabitants of Machan themselves, they have to pay without any remission.

Memorandum of the retail selling prices of wares in Canton

The tae of fine gold is equivalent to seven of silver.  One cate of musk is sold for eight taes.  Raw silk at eight taes per pico.  The contrary kind, or twisted silk [sirguin], which is the best of the country, one hundred taes per pico.  Good pieces of damask, seven taes; a piece contains fourteen varas.  Other pieces of common silk, ten varas for one tae three maces.  Vermilion, forty taes per pico.  Copper, seven and eight taes [per pico].  Quicksilver, forty taes per pico.  Herd-bells, eight maces per pico.  White lead, two and one-half and three taes per pico.  Cotton, eight taes per pico.  Fine powdered vermilion, seventy maces per cate.  One ranquel of fine porcelain, one tae two maces; fine dishes, fifteen maces per ranquel.  Large fine dishes, five maces apiece.  Medium quality earthenware is worth one and one-half maces per ranquel, both chinaware [porcelana] and dishes.  Fine pieces of taffeta of all colors, from Lanquin, each piece containing about twelve codos, are worth two and one-half and three taes.  Large pieces of certain damasks, which contain sixteen varas, are worth twelve taes at the least and fifteen at the most.  Common earthenware is worth less than one real per ranquel, either dishes or jars.  Wheat is worth four maces per pico, and eight in flour.  Rice is worth three and one-half and four maces per pico.  One cow is worth four taes in Macan.  One pico of flour, delivered in Macan, one tae two maces.  Pork is worth two taes in Macan and one and one-half taes in Canton, per pico.  Fowls, two taes per pico.  One pico of salt fish, two taes and more—­or less, according to the fish.  Two cates of fresh fish, one conderin.  One pico of sugar, two taes, or, at the least, one and one-half taes.  One pico of the finest iron, which resembles a manteca [64] is worth two taes, and in nails two and one-half, and three taes.  One pico of Chinese camphor is worth ten taes.  One pico of cinnamon, three taes.  Rhubarb, at two, two and one-half, and three taes; and there is an infinite amount of it in China.  Pieces of thin, fine silk, which contain about twenty varas, arc worth three and one-half and four taes.  Red silk headdresses for women, four and five maces apiece.  One pico of licorice, two and one-half taes.  One pico of China-wood, at eight maces, and one tae.