prone to rush into controversy in defence of the causes that he had at heart.  His education had all been got in Germany, and he was proud of his country.  His first effort to increase its praise was to instigate Trithemius to put together a ’Catalogue of the illustrious men who adorn Germany with their talents and writings’.  The author’s preface (8 Feb. 1491) reveals unmistakably the animosity towards Italy:  ’Some people contemn our country as barren, and maintain that few men of genius have flourished in it; hoping by disparagement of others to swell their own praise.  With all the resources of their eloquence they trick out the slender achievements of their own countrymen; but jealousy blinds them to the great virtues of the Germans, the mighty deeds and brilliant intellects, the loyalty, enthusiasm and devotion of this great nation.  If they find in the classics any credit given to us for valour or learning, they quickly hide it up; and in order to trumpet their own excellences, they omit ours altogether.  That is how Pliny’s narrative of the German wars was lost, and how so many histories of our people have disappeared.’

[41] Cf.  A. Horawitz in Sybel’s Historische Zeitschrift, xxv.
(1871), 66-101; and P. Joachimsen, Geschichtsauffassung und
Geschichtschreibung in Deutschland unter dem Einfluss des
Humanismus, pt. 1, 1910.

The book was sent to Wimpfeling, who collected a few more names and added a preface of his own (17 Sept. 1492) in the same strain.  ’People who think that Germany is still as barbarous as it was in the days of Caesar should read what Jerome has to say about it.  The abundance of old books in existence shows that Germany had many learned men in the past; who have left carefully written manuscripts on oratory, poetry, natural philosophy, theology and all kinds of erudition.  All down the Rhine you will find the walls and roofs of monasteries adorned with elegant epigrams which testify to German taste of old.  To-day there are Germans who can translate the Greek classics into Latin; and if their style is not pure Ciceronian, let our detractors remember that styles change with the times.  Mankind is always discontented, and prefers the old to the modern.  I can quite understand that our German philosophers adapted their style to their audiences and their lofty subjects.  So foreign critics had better let this provocative talk alone for ever.’

A few years later Wimpfeling edited a fourteenth-century treatise by Lupold of Bebenburg entitled ’The zeal and fervour of the ancient German princes towards the Christian religion and the servants of God’; the intention of which clearly fell in with his desire.  In his preface, addressed to Dalberg, Agricola’s patron, he tells a story which explains a peculiarity occasionally found in mediaeval manuscripts; of being written in sections by several different hands.  Some years before, the Patriarch of Aquileia was passing through Spires.  To divert the enforced leisure