labasco, begin to totter (from labo); horresco, grow rough (from horreo); tremesco, begin to tremble (from tremo); obdormisco, fall asleep (from dormio).

2.  FREQUENTATIVES OR INTENSIVES.  These denote a repeated or energetic action.  They are formed from the Participial Stem, and end in -to or -so.  Those derived from verbs of the First Conjugation end in -ito (not -ato, as we should expect).  Examples of Frequentatives are—­

jacto, toss about, brandish (from jacio,
hurl);
curso, run hither and thither (from curro, run);
volito, flit about (from volo, fly).

a.  Some double Frequentatives occur; as,—­

cantito,    sing over and over  (canto);
cursito,    keep running about  (curso);
ventito,    keep coming.

b. agito, set in motion, is formed from the Present Stem.

3.  DESIDERATIVES.  These denote a desire to do something.  They are formed from the Participial Stem, and end in -urio; as,—­

  esurio, desire to eat, am hungry (edo);
  parturio, want to bring forth, am in (pario).
                labor

2.  Verbs derived from Nouns and Adjectives (Denominatives).

156.  Denominatives of the First Conjugation are mostly transitive; those of the Second exclusively intransitive.  Those of the Third and Fourth Conjugations are partly transitive, partly intransitive.  Examples are—­

  a) From Nouns:—­

fraudo,   defraud     (fraus);
vestio,   clothe      (vestis);
floreo,   bloom       (flos).

  b) From Adjectives:—­

  libero, free (liber);
  saevio, be fierce (saevus).

* * * * *

D. ADVERBS.

157. 1.  Adverbs derived from verbs are formed from the Participial Stem by means of the suffix -im; as,—­

  certatim, emulously (certo);
  cursim, in haste (curro);
  statim, immediately (sto).

2.  Adverbs derived from nouns and adjectives are formed:—­

  a) With the suffixes -tim (-sim), -atim; as,—­

    gradatim, step by step;

    paulatim, gradually;

    viritim, man by man.

  b) With the suffix -tus; as,—­

    antiquitus, of old;

    radicitus, from the roots.

  c) With the suffix -ter; as,—­

    breviter, briefly.

* * * * *

II.  COMPOUNDS.

158. 1.  Compounds are formed by the union of simple words.  The second member usually contains the essential meaning of the compound; the first member expresses some modification of this.