left Malaca in July, 1608, for Manila in a Portuguese vessel, but they were wrecked after twenty days’ voyage.  The Portuguese and Father Pereira started for Borneo next morning in the small boat, leaving 130 slaves who were in the vessel to their fate.  After four days the boat reached a desert island, with its occupants famished.  Father Pereira, having a knowledge of the region, procured water from one of the hollow canes growing on the island.  There they were captured by Moro or Malay pirates and sold by them to the Borneans.  They were sent to Manila in a small boat by the sultan; but, in a storm, Father Pereira died.  He was a son of Gonzalo Pereira, who had also lived at Siao.  Father Pereira had aided Chirino in various labors in Cebu, whence he later returned to Siao.

[43] This phrase, the usual epithet of the general of the Jesuit order, would indicate that Lopez was addressing that official—­who was then Claudio Aquaviva; he died on January 31, 1615.

[44] A vessel built like a pink—­that is, with a very narrow stern—­and sloop-rigged.

[45] By metaphor, the instrument is here used for the person; the reference is to the advocacy of the Virgin as obtained through the rosary, the instrument of the chief devotion to Mary.  As such, many churches and other institutions are dedicated to the rosary.—­Rev. Patrick B. Knox (Madison, Wisconsin).

[46] Thomas Aquinas, born in 1227, belonged to a noble family, descended from the kings of Aragon and Sicily.  Entering the ecclesiastical life, he soon became noted as a scholar and divine.  He was professor of divinity in several universities, and author of numerous theological works.  He died on March 7, 1274, and was canonized in 1323.  Various epithets have been bestowed upon him:  “the Angelic Doctor,” “the Universal Doctor,” “the Dumb Ox” (alluding to his taciturnity), “The Angel of the School,” and “the Eagle of Theologians.”  “It was in defense of Thomas Aquinas that Henry VIII [of England] composed the book which procured him from the pope the title of Defender of the Faith” (Blake’s Biographical Dictionary, p. 66).

[47] Argensola says mistakenly that this father was killed by the Chinese in the insurrection of 1603.

For sketch of his life see Vol.  XIII, note 43.

[48] Domingo de Nieva was a native of one of the three towns of Villoria in Castilla, and professed in the Dominican convent of San Pablo at Valladolid.  On going to the Philippines he was sent first to the mission of Bataan, where his labors were uninterrupted and severe.  He became fluent in the Tagil language, after Which he was assigned to the Chinese mission near Manila; and he composed and published several devotional treatises in both those languages.  He was elected prior of Manila, but before his three years in that office were finished, he was sent as procurator to Madrid.  He died at sea, at the end of 1606 or the beginning of 1607, after having spent nineteen years in the Philippines.  See Resena biografica, part i, pp. 108-110.