to persuade the people that they are better off than their forefathers were:  it is the great business of history to show how this matter stands; and, with respect to this great matter, what are we to learn from any thing that has hitherto been called a history of England!  I remember, that, about a dozen years ago, I was talking with a very clever young man, who had read twice or thrice over the History of England, by different authors; and that I gave the conversation a turn that drew from him, unperceived by himself, that he did not know how tithes, parishes, poor-rates, church-rates, and the abolition of trial by jury in hundreds of cases, came to be in England; and, that he had not the smallest idea of the manner in which the Duke of Bedford came to possess the power of taxing our cabbages in Covent-Garden.  Yet, this is history.  I have done a great deal, with regard to matters of this sort, in my famous History of the PROTESTANT REFORMATION; for I may truly call that famous, which has been translated and published in all the modern languages.

320.  But, it is reserved for me to write a complete history of the country from the earliest times to the present day; and this, God giving me life and health, I shall begin to do in monthly numbers, beginning on the first of September, and in which I shall endeavour to combine brevity with clearness.  We do not want to consume our time over a dozen pages about Edward the Third dancing at a ball, picking up a lady’s garter, and making that garter the foundation of an order of knighthood, bearing the motto of ’Honi soit qui mal y pense?  It is not stuff like this; but we want to know what was the state of the people; what were a labourer’s wages; what were the prices of the food, and how the labourers were dressed in the reign of that great king.  What is a young person to imbibe from a history of England, as it is called, like that of Goldsmith?  It is a little romance to amuse children; and the other historians have given us larger romances to amuse lazy persons who are grown up.  To destroy the effects of these, and to make the people know what their country has been, will be my object; and this, I trust, I shall effect.  We are, it is said, to have a History of England from SIR JAMES MACKINTOSH; a History of Scotland from SIR WALTER SCOTT; and a HISTORY OF IRELAND from Tommy Moore, the luscious poet.  A Scotch lawyer, who is a pensioner, and a member for Knaresborough, which is well known to the Duke of Devonshire, who has the great tithes of twenty parishes in Ireland, will, doubtless, write a most impartial History of England, and particularly as far as relates to boroughs and tithes.  A Scotch romance-writer, who, under the name of Malagrowther, wrote a pamphlet to prove, that one-pound-notes were the cause of riches to Scotland, will write, to be sure, a most instructive History of Scotland.  And, from the pen of a Irish poet, who is a sinecure placeman, and a protege of an English peer that has immense parcels of Irish confiscated estates, what a beautiful history shall we not then have of unfortunate Ireland!  Oh, no!  We are not going to be content with stuff such as these men will bring out.  Hume and Smollett and Robertson have cheated us long enough.  We are not in a humour to be cheated any longer.