128. i.e., Aditi and of Aditi’s self as born in different shapes at different times.

129.  Yugas may mean either the three ages Krita, Treta and Dwapara, or, the three pairs such as Virtue and Knowledge, Renunciation and Lordship, and Prosperity and Fame.

130.  Virat is one superior to an Emperor and Swarat is one superior to a Virat.

131.  Vishnu, assuming the form of a dwarf, deluded the Asura Vali into giving away unto him three worlds which he forthwith restored to Indra.

132.  The son of Uttanapada, who in the Krita age had adored Vishnu at a very early age and obtained the most valuable boons.

133.  Sudharman was the priest of the Kurus.  How came Dhaumya, who was the priest of the Pandavas, to have from before an abode in the Kuru capital?

134.  This is an allusion to Krishna’s having covered the three worlds with three of his steps for deluding the Asura Vali and depriving him of universal sovereignty.

135.  There are three states of consciousness in the case of ordinary men, viz., waking, dream, and sound sleep.  The fourth state, realisable by Yogins alone, is called Turiya.  It is the state of perfect unconsciousness of this world, when the soul, abstracted within itself, is said to be fixed upon the Supreme Being or some single object.

136.  Mind, as used generally in Hindu philosophy, is the seat of the senses and the feelings.  Buddhi is the Understanding or the cognitive faculties of the Kantian school.  The Bombay reading of the second line is correct.  It is Gunadevah Kshetrajne etc.  Nilakantha correctly explains it as Savdadiguna-bhajodevah, i.e., the senses.

137.  The Supreme Being is called here and elsewhere Hansa, i.e., swan, because as the swan is supposed to transcend all winged creatures in the range of its flight, so the Supreme Being transcends all creatures in the universe.  He is called That, as in the Vedic formula of Praise, “Thou art That,” meaning, “Thou art inconceivable and incapable of being described in words.”

138.  Created things have attributes.  It is Brahma only that has no attributes, in the sense that no attributes with which we are familiar can be affirmed of him.

139.  The Vaks are the mantras; the Anuvaks are those portions of the Vedas which are called Brahmanas; the Nishads are those portions of the Vedic ritual which lead to an acquaintance with the gods.  The Upanishads are those portions which treat exclusively of the knowledge of the Soul.

140.  Quadruple soul, i.e., Brahma, Jiva, Mind, and Consciousness.  The four names under which the Supreme Being is adored by the faithful are Vasudeva, Sankarsana, Pradyumna, and Aniruddha.

141.  Penances are ever present in thee, in the sense thou art never without them, penances constituting thy essence.  Performed by creatures, they live in thy limbs, in the sense that penances performed are never lost.