and that, in adopting the Reform measure, the Parliament do actually expose his Majesty to the risk of consenting to a bill calculated to break down the Church Establishment in Ireland.  This is the impression I have always entertained—­and it is an impression which I cannot remove from my mind; and, I must confess, that when I heard the other night the noble and learned Lord on the Woolsack (Lord Brougham) assert that the Reform Bill had put down agitation in Ireland, on the subject of a Repeal of the Union, I was much surprised.

April 22, 1831.

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Importance of Portugal to England.

There is no country in Europe whose alliance is so important to England as Portugal; there is no country, the preservation of whose independence is so important to us, as that of Portugal.

July 26, 1831.

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A preventive Police checks Crime.

In all foreign countries there exists a preventive police,—­but there is no such thing in England,—­which preventive police has the effect of checking crime in a very great degree.  We have nothing of the sort in England, neither can there be, according to the principles of our law and constitution.  Such being the case, your Lordships must use great caution in drawing comparisons between convictions in this and foreign countries; if that is not done, the most erroneous conclusions will be arrived at.

September 6, 1831.

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A War of Opinions the worst of Wars.

The truth is, that the government of Portugal has, for the last ten months, been looked upon with inimical feelings and with passion by the King’s servants; and this measure[13] is not brought forward with any view to revenue, but for the purpose of opposing and embarrassing the existing Government of that country.  The noble Lords opposite do not like the situation of the Government of Portugal; it is not to their mind; and they are anxious, either by revolutionary measures, or any other, to overthrow it.  Let them, however, look well at the responsibility they are incurring.  Let them consider the frightful consequences in which their planning may involve this country, and the whole of Europe.  If their designs even met with a temporary success, they would inevitably lead to a war of opinion, to a war of religion—­the worst of wars, and the most deplorable consequences for all Europe would ensue.

September 30, 1831.

[Footnote 13:  The Wine Duties Bill; for regulating the tariff as regards Portugal.]

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The Duke’s Declaration against all Reform.