VOLUME V, CHAPTER I

“To dress it and to keep it."[22]

That, then, was to be our work.  Alas! what work have we set ourselves upon instead!  How have we ravaged the garden instead of kept it—­feeding our war-horses with its flowers, and splintering its trees into spear-shafts!

“And at the East a flaming sword."[22]

Is its flame quenchless? and are those gates that keep the way indeed passable no more? or is it not rather that we no more desire to enter?  For what can we conceive of that first Eden which we might not yet win back, if we chose?  It was a place full of flowers, we say.  Well:  the flowers are always striving to grow wherever we suffer them; and the fairer, the closer.  There may, indeed, have been a Fall of Flowers, as a Fall of Man; but assuredly creatures such as we are can now fancy nothing lovelier than roses and lilies, which would grow for us side by side, leaf overlapping leaf, till the Earth was white and red with them, if we cared to have it so.  And Paradise was full of pleasant shades and fruitful avenues.  Well:  what hinders us from covering as much of the world as we like with pleasant shade, and pure blossom, and goodly fruit?  Who forbids its valleys to be covered over with corn till they laugh and sing?  Who prevents its dark forests, ghostly and uninhabitable, from being changed into infinite orchards, wreathing the hills with frail-floreted snow, far away to the half-lighted horizon of April, and flushing the face of all the autumnal earth with glow of clustered food?  But Paradise was a place of peace, we say, and all the animals were gentle servants to us.  Well:  the world would yet be a place of peace if we were all peacemakers, and gentle service should we have of its creatures if we gave them gentle mastery.  But so long as we make sport of slaying bird and beast, so long as we choose to contend rather with our fellows than with our faults, and make battlefield of our meadows instead of pasture—­so long, truly, the Flaming Sword will still turn every way, and the gates of Eden remain barred close enough, till we have sheathed the sharper flame of our own passions, and broken down the closer gates of our own hearts.

I have been led to see and feel this more and more, as I consider the service which the flowers and trees, which man was at first appointed to keep, were intended to render to him in return for his care; and the services they still render to him, as far as he allows their influence, or fulfils his own task towards them.  For what infinite wonderfulness there is in this vegetation, considered, as indeed it is, as the means by which the earth becomes the companion of man—­his friend and his teacher!  In the conditions which we have traced in its rocks, there could only be seen preparation for his existence;—­the characters which enable him to live on it safely, and to work with it easily—­in all these it has been inanimate and passive; but vegetation is to it as