we are pleased to call him) to breathe into the nostril of the buffalo or the wild horse, and by that single act to subdue his angry rage, or that impelled the first discoverer of combustion to extract fire from the attrition of two pieces of wood.  The American Indian, living entirely on flesh, “discovered for himself in tobacco smoke a means of retarding the change of matter in the tissues of the body, and thereby of making hunger more endurable.”—­(P. 179.) But the wonder ceases, when we reflect that man was endued with certain properties by his Maker which must have been at some remote period, of which we can form no idea, active and manifest the moment he breathed the breath of life.  To inquire how he lost this property is not our business at present, but it is only by supposing the quondam existence of such a property, active and manifest, that can in any way explain a first knowledge of the therapeutic, or threptic, qualities of plants and shrubs.  With regard to the identity of theine, caffeine, theobromine, &c., it would be as well that the reader should keep in mind that it is so chemically only, for in appearance, taste, weight, odor, &c., no substances can differ more.  Does the palate exert some peculiar action on the ingesta, so as to give to each a distinct sapor?  Or vice versa?]

[Footnote 6:  In the West Indies, from my own experience, I have found this to be one of the worst descriptions of soil. P.L.S.]

[Footnote 7:  Correspondent of the Singapore Free Press, December, 1852.]

[Footnote 8:  It is important, in considering what tea may be had from China, to consider the manner of its production.  It is grown over an immense district, in small farms, or rather gardens, no farm producing more that 600 chests.  “The tea merchant goes himself, or sends his agents to all the small towns, villages, and temples in the district, to purchase tea from the priests and small farmers; the large merchant, into whose hands the tea thus comes, has to refire it and pack it for the foreign market.”—­(Fortune’s Tea Districts.) This refiring is the only additional process of manufacture for our market.  Mr. Fortune elsewhere, in his valuable work, giving an account of the cost of tea from the farmers, the conveyance to market, and the merchant’s profit, states that " the small farmer and manipulator is not overpaid, but that the great profits are received by the middlemen.”  No doubt these men do their utmost to keep the farmers in complete ignorance of the state of the tea-market, that they may monopolise the advantages, but it is pretty certain that the news of a bold reduction of duty, and the promise of an immensely increased consumption, would reach even the Chinese farmers, and make them pick their trees more closely—­a little of which amongst so many would make a vast difference in the total supply.]

[Footnote 9:  See article Thea, by Dr. Royle, in “Penny Cyclopaedia,” vol xxiv., p. 286.]