typographically far surpassed any paper that had appeared before it in New England.”  David Hall (c. 1714-1772), born in Edinburgh, emigrated to America shortly after 1740, became a partner of Benjamin Franklin in 1748.  He was printer of the Pennsylvania Gazette, one of the few leading newspapers of the day, and one of the founders of the St. Andrew’s Society of Philadelphia.  His son, William (died 1831), who carried on the printing business, was one of the original members of the “Light Horse of the City of Philadelphia,” afterwards known as “The First City Troop,” and served in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War.  Robert Aitken (1734-1802), born in Dalkeith, Scotland, printer and publisher in Philadelphia in 1769, was publisher of the Pennsylvania Magazine from January 1775 to June 1776, the first magazine in Philadelphia containing illustrations, most of which were engraved by Aitken himself.  He also published, at his own expense, in 1782, the first English Bible printed in America.  Major Andrew Brown (c. 1744-1797), born in the north of Ireland of Scottish parents, was publisher of the Federal Gazette, later (1793) changed to Philadelphia Gazette.  He is credited with being the first newspaper man to employ a reporter for the debates in Congress.  It may here be mentioned that the publisher of the first directory of Philadelphia and its suburbs (1782), was a Scot, Captain John Macpherson (1726-92).  James Adams, Delaware’s first printer (1761), was an Ulster Scot who learned the art of printing in Londonderry and founded the Wilmington Courant in 1762.  Col.  Eleazer Oswald (1755-1795), of Scottish origin, though born in England, rendered brilliant service on the side of the colonies during the Revolution.  In 1779 he became associated with William Goddard in the Maryland Journal, the first newspaper printed in Baltimore.  Later removing to Philadelphia he issued the first number of the Independent Gazetteer, or the Chronicle of Freedom, April 13, 1782, and at the same time he also conducted in New York The Independent Gazetteer, or New York Journal (1782-87).  The first daily paper published in Baltimore (1791) was by David Graham.  Alexander Purdie, a native of Scotland, was editor of the Virginia Gazette from March 1766 to December 1774.  Shortly after this date he started a Gazette of his own, and in the issue of his paper for June 7, 1776, he printed the heraldic device of a shield, on which is a rattlesnake coiled, with supporters, dexter, a bear collared and chained, sinister, a stag.  The crest is a woman’s head crowned and the motto:  Don’t tread on me.  Adam Boyd (1738-1803), colonial printer and preacher, purchased the printing outfit of another Scot, Andrew Stuart, who had set up the first printing press in Wilmington, North Carolina, in 1763.  In 1769 (Oct. 13) Boyd issued the first number of the Cape Fear Mercury, and continued it till