CHAPTER I.
Brazilian and Portuguese factions—Don
PEDEO ordered to quit
Brazil—appointed “Perpetual
protector”—Proclaimed Emperor
of
Brazil—efforts to obtain
foreign officers and seamen—the
naval command
offered to me—acceptation
thereof—arrival at Rio
de Janeiro—visit of
inspection to the squadron—condition
of the vessels—inferiority
of
seamen—imperial affability—attempt
to evade the terms offered
me—this
failing, to reduce the value
of my pay—pretended
commission
conferred—and refused—the
point argued—I decline the
command—the
prime minister gives in—explanatory
FORTARIA—formal commission—orders
to blockade Bahia—Portuguese
faction—averse to me
from the outset.
Although these memoirs relate to personal services in Brazil, it is nevertheless essential, in order to their comprehension, briefly to recapitulate a few events which more immediately led to my connection with the cause of independence in that country.
The expulsion of the Portuguese Royal Family from Lisbon, in consequence of the occupation of Portugal by the armies of the French Republic, was followed by the accession of Don John VI. to the throne of Portugal whilst resident in Rio de Janeiro.
Twelve months previous to my arrival in Brazil, His Majesty returned to Portugal, leaving his son and heir-apparent, Don Pedro, regent of the Portuguese possessions in South America, which had been for some time in a state of disaffection, arising from a growing desire throughout the various provinces for a distinct nationality. Hence two opposing interests had arisen,—a Brazilian party, which had for its object national independence; and a Portuguese party, whose aim was to prevent separation from the mother country—or, if this could not be accomplished, so to paralyse the efforts of the Brazilians, that in case of revolt it might not be difficult for Portugal to keep in subjection, at least the Northern portion of her South American Colonies. It will be necessary, in the course of the narrative, to bear these party distinctions clearly in mind.
As the Regent, Don Pedro, was supposed to evince a leaning to the Brazilian party, he gave proportionate offence to the Portuguese faction, which—though inferior in number, was, from its wealth and position, superior in influence; hence the Regent found himself involved in disputes with the latter, which in June 1821 compelled him to submit to some humiliations.