of Toleration outside the Established Church:  The Protector’s Treatment of the Roman Catholics, the Episcopalians, the Anti-Trinitarians, the Quakers, and the Jews:  State of the English Universities and Schools under the Protectorate:  Cromwell’s Patronage of Learning:  List of English Men of Letters alive in 1656, and Account of their Diverse Relations to Cromwell:  Poetical Panegyrics on him and his Protectorate.—­New Arrangements for the Government of Scotland:  Lord Broghill’s Presidency there for Cromwell:  General State of the Country:  Continued Struggle between the Resolutioners and the Protesters for Kirk-Supremacy:  Independency and Quakerism in Scotland:  More Extreme Anomalies there:  Story of “Jock of Broad Scotland”:  Brisk Intercourse between Scotland and London:  Mission of Mr. James Sharp.—­Ireland from 1654 to 1656.—­Glimpse of the Colonies.

Chap.  I. Section III.  Oliver and the First Session of his Second Parliament:  Sept. 17, 1656-June 26, 1657.—­Second Parliament of the Protectorate called:  Vane’s Healing Question and another Anti-Oliverian Pamphlet:  Precautions and Arrests:  Meeting of the Parliament:  Its Composition:  Summary of Cromwell’s Opening Speech:  Exclusion of Ninety-three Anti-Oliverian Members:  Decidedly Oliverian Temper of the rest:  Question of the Excluded Members:  Their Protest:  Summary of the Proceedings of the Parliament for Five Months (Sept. 1656-Feb. 1656-7):  Administration of Cromwell and his Council during those Months:  Approaches to Disagreement between Cromwell and the Parliament in the Case of James Nayler and on the Question of Continuation of the Militia by Major-Generals:  No Rupture.—­The Soxby-Sindercombe Plot.—­Sir Christopher Pack’s Motion for a New Constitution (Feb. 23, 1656-7):  Its Issue in the Petition and Advice and Offer of the Crown to Cromwell:  Division of Public Opinion on the Kingship Question:  Opposition among the Army Officers:  Cromwell’s Neutral Attitude:  His Reception of the Offer:  His long Hesitations and several Speeches over the Affair:  His Final Refusal (May 8, 1657):  Ludlow’s Story of the Cause.—­Harrison and the Fifth Monarchy Men:  Venner’s Outbreak at Mile-End-Green.—­Proposed New Constitution of the Petition and Advice retained in the form of a Continued Protectorate:  Supplements to the Petition and Advice:  Bills assented to by the Protector, June 9:  Votes for the Spanish War.—­Treaty Offensive and Defensive with France against Spain:  Dispatch of English Auxiliary Army, under Reynolds, for Service in Flanders:  Blake’s Action in Santa Cruz Bay.—­“Killing no Murder”:  Additional and Explanatory Petition and Advice:  Abstract of the Articles of the New Constitution as arranged by the two Documents:  Cromwell’s completed Assent to the New Constitution, and his Assent to other Bills.  June 26, 1657:  Inauguration of the Second Protectorate that day:  Close of the First Session of the Second Parliament.