[Footnote 173:  “Corresp.,” Nos. 13235, 37, 43.]

[Footnote 174:  “Corresp.,” Nos. 13314 and 13327.  So too, to General Clarke, his new Minister of War, he wrote:  “Junot may say anything he pleases, so long as he gets hold of the fleet” ("New Letters of Nap.,” October 28th, 1807).]

[Footnote 175:  Strangford’s despatches quite refute Thiers’ confident statement that the Portuguese answers to Napoleon were planned in concert with us.  I cannot find in our archives a copy of the Anglo-Portuguese Convention signed by Canning on October 22nd, 1807; but there are many references to it in his despatches.  It empowered us to occupy Madeira; and our fleet did so at the close of the year.  In April next we exchanged it for the Azores and Goa.]

[Footnote 176:  “Corresp.,” July 22nd, 1807.]

[Footnote 177:  Between September 1st, 1807, and November 23rd, 1807, he wrote eighteen letters on the subject of Corfu, which he designed to be his base of operations as soon as the Eastern Question could be advantageously reopened.  On February 8th, 1808, he wrote to Joseph that Corfu was more important than Sicily, and that “in the present state of Europe, the loss of Corfu would be the greatest of disasters.”  This points to his proposed partition of Turkey.]

[Footnote 178:  Letter of October 13th, 1807.]

[Footnote 179:  “Ann.  Register” for 1807, pp. 227, 747.]

[Footnote 180:  Ibid., pp. 749-750.  Another Order in Council (November 25th) allowed neutral ships a few more facilities for colonial trade, and Prussian merchantmen were set free (ibid., pp. 755-759).  In April, 1809, we further favoured the carrying of British goods on neutral ships, especially to or from the United States.]

[Footnote 181:  Bourrienne, “Memoirs.”  The case against the Orders in Council is fairly stated by Lumbroso, and by Alison, ch. 50.]

[Footnote 182:  Gower reported (on September 22nd) that the Spanish ambassador at St. Petersburg had been pleading for help there, so as to avenge this insult.]

[Footnote 183:  Baumgarten, “Geschichte Spaniens,” vol. i., p. 138.]

[Footnote 184:  “Nap.  Corresp.” of October 17th and 31st, November 13th, December 23rd, 1807, and February 20th, 1808; also Napier, “Peninsular War,” bk. i., ch. ii.]

[Footnote 185:  Letter of January 10th, 1808.]

[Footnote 186:  Letter of Charles IV. to Napoleon of October 29th, 1807, published in “Murat, Lieutenant de l’Empereur en Espagne,” Appendix viii.]

[Footnote 187:  “New Letters of Napoleon.”]

[Footnote 188:  “Corresp.,” letter of February 25th.]

[Footnote 189:  Murat in 1814 told Lord Holland ("Foreign Reminiscences,” p. 131) he had had no instructions from Napoleon.]

[Footnote 190:  Thiers, notes to bk. xxix.]

[Footnote 191:  “Memoires pour servir a l’histoire de la Revolution d’Espagne, par Nellerto”; also “The Journey of Ferdinand VII. to Bayonne,” by Escoiquiz.]