56.  This seems a very strong proof that the house of commons was not
    then in being; otherwise the knights and burgesses from the
    several counties could have given in to the lords a list of
    grievances, without so unusual an election.

57.  Novgorod was for centuries the chief commercial city of Russia.  It
    was an independent republic, holding sway over extensive
    territories around the Baltic Sea.

58.  Suzdal was at this time the principal state of Central Russia,
    with a capital of the same name.

59.  Translated by Joseph Sohn.

60.  Thus was gradually introduced what has since been considered the
    constitutional method of opposing the measures of the Crown, the
    refusal of the supplies for the current year.  Henry’s predecessors
    were too rich to depend on the aid of their vassals:  to resist
    their will with any hope of success it was necessary to have
    recourse to the sword.  But his poverty compelled him annually to
    solicit relief, and to purchase it by concessions to his
    parliament.

61.  The Earl of Gloucester also massacred the Jews in Canterbury; and
    the Earl of Derby destroyed their houses at Worcester and
    compelled them to receive baptism.  As a justification, it was
    pretended that they were attached to the King, had Greek fire in
    their possession, kept false keys to the gates, and had made
    subterraneous passages from their houses leading under the walls.

62.  Grandfather of King Robert Bruce, of Scotland.

63.  The military tenants were ordered under the penalty of felony to
    bring into the field not only the force specified by their
    tenures, but all the horsemen and infantry in their power:  every
    township was compelled to send eight, six, or four footmen well
    armed with lances, bows and arrows, swords, crossbows, and
    hatchets, who should serve forty days at the expense of the
    township; and the cities and burghs received orders to furnish as
    many horsemen and footmen as the sheriff might appoint.  No excuse
    was to be allowed on account of the shortness of the time, the
    approach of the harvest, or any other private inconvenience.

64.  It is amusing to compare the opposite writers of this period. 
    Wikes and the letter-writer in Westminster are royalists, and
    severely censure the ambition and treason of Leicester, but, in
    the estimation of the chroniclers of Dunstable and of Waverly, he
    lived a saint and died a martyr.

65.  By these we are to understand Northern and Southern China,
    separated by the great Hoang-ho on the eastern, and by the
    southern limits of Shen-si on the western side.