The word “accidentally” ([Greek:  kata tuchen]) is opposed to “forethought” ([Greek:  pronoia]), “design,” “providence.”  How Plutarch conceived Fortune, I do not know; nor do I know what Fortune and Chance mean in any language.  But the nature of the contrast which he intends is sufficiently clear for his purpose.]

[Footnote 102:  As to Attes, as Pausanias (vii. 17) names him, his history is given by Pausanias.  There appears to be some confusion in his story.  Herodotus (i. 36) has a story of an Atys, a son of Croesus, who was killed while hunting a wild boar; and Adonis, the favourite of Venus, was killed by a wild boar.  It is not known who this Arcadian Atteus was.

Actaeon saw Diana naked while she was bathing, and was turned by her into a deer and devoured by his dogs. (Apollodorus, Biblioth. iii. 4; Ovidius, Metamorph. iii. 155.) The story of the other Actaeon is told by Plutarch (Amator.  Narrationes, c. 2).]

[Footnote 103:  The elder Africanus, P. Cornelius Scipio, who defeated Hannibal B.C. 202, and the younger Africanus, the adopted son of the son of the elder Africanus, who took Carthage B.C. 146.  See Life of Tib.  Gracchus, c. 1, Notes.]

[Footnote 104:  Ios, a small island of the Grecian Archipelago, now Nio, is mentioned among the places where Homer was buried.  The name Ios resembles that of the Greek word for violet, ([Greek:  ion]).  Smyrna, one of the members of the Ionian confederation, is mentioned among the birth places of Homer.  It was an accident that the name of the town Smyrna was the same as the name for myrrh, Smyrna ([Greek:  smurne] ),x which was not a Greek word.  Herodotus (iii. 112) says that it was the Arabians who procured myrrh.]

[Footnote 105:  This Philippus was the father of Alexander the Great.  He is said to have lost an eye from a wound by an arrow at the siege of Pydna Antigonus, one of the generals of Alexander, was named Cyclops, or the one-eyed.  He accompanied Alexander in his Asiatic expedition, and in the division of the empire after Alexander’s death he obtained a share and by his vigour and abilities he made himself the most powerful of the successors of Alexander.  It is said that Apelles, who painted the portrait of Antigonus, placed him in profile in order to hide the defect of the one eye.  Antigonus closed his long career at the battle of Ipsus B.C. 301, where he was defeated and killed.  He was then eighty-one years of age.]

[Footnote 106:  Plutarch’s form is Annibas.  I may have sometimes written it Hannibal.  Thus we have Anno and Hanno.  I don’t know which is the true form. [I prefer to write it Hannibal.—­A.S.]]

[Footnote 107:  Plutarch has written the Life of Eumenes, whom he contrasts with Sertorius.  Eumenes was one of the generals of Alexander who accompanied him to Asia.  After Alexander’s death, he obtained for his government a part of Asia Minor bordering on the Euxine, and extending as far east as Trapezus.  The rest of his life is full of adventure.  He fell into the hands of Antigonus B.C. 315, who put him to death.]