A divinity for fair weather 268

Religious self-denial 269

The Savoyard Vicar’s vital omission 270

His position towards Christianity 272

Its effectiveness as a solvent 273

Weakness of the subjective test 276

The Savoyard Vicar’s deism not compatible with growing intellectual
  conviction 276

The true satisfaction of the religious emotion 277

CHAPTER VI.

ENGLAND.

Rousseau’s English portrait 281

His reception in Paris 282

And in London 283

Hume’s account of him 284

Settlement at Wootton 286

The quarrel with Hume 287

Detail of the charges against Hume 287-291

Walpole’s pretended letter from Frederick 291

Baselessness of the whole delusion 292

Hume’s conduct in the quarrel 293

The war of pamphlets 295

Common theory of Rousseau’s madness 296

Preparatory conditions 297

Extension of disorder from the affective life to the intelligence 299

The Confessions 301

His life at Wootton 306

Flight from Derbyshire 306

And from England 308

CHAPTER VII.

THE END.

The elder Mirabeau 309

Shelters Rousseau at Fleury 311

Rousseau at Trye 312

In Dauphiny 314

Return to Paris 314

The Reveries 315

Life in Paris 316

Bernardin de St. Pierre’s account of him 317

An Easter excursion 320

Rousseau’s unsociality 322

Poland and Spain 324

Withdrawal to Ermenonville 326

His death 326

ROUSSEAU.

CHAPTER I.

MONTMORENCY—­THE NEW HELOISA.

The many conditions of intellectual productiveness are still hidden in such profound obscurity that we are unable to explain why a period of stormy moral agitation seems to be in certain natures the indispensable antecedent of their highest creative effort.  Byron is one instance, and Rousseau is another, in which the current of stimulating force made this rapid way from the lower to the higher parts of character, and only expended itself after having traversed the whole range of emotion and faculty, from their meanest, most realistic, most personal forms of exercise, up to the summit of what is lofty and ideal.  No man was ever involved in such an odious complication of moral maladies as beset Rousseau in the winter of 1758.  Yet within three years of this miserable epoch he had completed not only the New Heloisa, which is the monument of his fall, but the Social Contract, which was the most influential, and Emilius, which was perhaps the