[Footnote 602:  F.O., Am., Vol. 828.  No. 284.  Confidential.  Lyons to Russell, April 28, 1862.]

[Footnote 603:  F.O., Am., Vol. 829.  No. 315.  Confidential.  Lyons to Russell, May 9, 1862.]

[Footnote 604:  Lyons Papers.  Russell to Lyons, May 10, 1862.]

[Footnote 605:  F.O., France, Vol. 1427.  No. 544.  Cowley to Russell, April 28, 1862.]

[Footnote 606:  Ibid., Vol. 1438.  No. 563.  To Russell.  Mercier’s conduct appeared to Cowley as “want of courtesy” and “tardy confidence” to Lyons. Ibid., No. 566.  May 1, 1862.  To Russell.]

[Footnote 607:  Ibid., No. 574.  Cowley to Russell, May 2, 1862.]

[Footnote 608:  Thouvenel, Le Secret de l’Empereur, II, p. 299.]

[Footnote 609:  Mason Papers.  Slidell to Mason, May 3, 14 and 16, 1862.  Mason to Slidell, May 5, 14 and 16, 1862.]

[Footnote 610:  Ibid., Slidell to Mason, May 16, 1862.  Billault was a member of the French Ministry, but without portfolio.]

[Footnote 611:  Several accounts have been given of this episode.  The two known to me treating it at greatest length are (1) Callahan, Diplomatic History of the Southern Confederacy and (2) Sears, A Confederate Diplomat at the Court of Napoleon III.  Am.  Hist.  Rev., Jan., 1921.  Both writers drew their information wholly from Confederate documents, using, especially, the private correspondence of Mason and Slidell, and neither treats the matter from the English view point.  I have therefore based my account on the unused letters of British officials, citing other materials only where they offer a side light.  The principal new sources are Cowley’s private and official letters to Russell.]

[Footnote 612:  Russell Papers.  Cowley to Russell.  Private.  April 13, 1862.]

[Footnote 613:  Mason Papers.  April 12, 1862.]

[Footnote 614:  Richardson, II, 239.  April 14, 1862.]

[Footnote 615:  Russell Papers.  Cowley to Russell.  Private.]

[Footnote 616:  F.O., France, Vol. 1437.  No. 497. Confidential.  Cowley to Russell April 15, 1862.]

[Footnote 617:  Ibid.]

[Footnote 618:  F.O., France, Vol. 1422.  No. 403.  Russell to Cowley, April 16, 1862.]

[Footnote 619:  Ibid., No. 415.  Russell to Cowley, April 16, 1862.  Whether Napoleon had in fact “charged” Lindsay with a mission must remain in doubt.  Cowley believed Lindsay to have prevaricated—­or at least so officially reported.  He had

     “Le 20 Avril, 1862.

     Mon cher Lord Cowley: 

Je vous remercie de votre billet.  J’espere comme vous que bientot nos manufactures auront du coton.  Je n’ai pas de tout ete choque de ce que Lord Russell n’ait pas recu Mr. Lindsay.  Celui-ci m’avait demande l’autorisation de rapporter au principal secretaire d’Etat notre conversation et j’y avais consenti et voila tout.

     Croyez a mes sentiments d’amitie.