travelling on the icy surface of the stream.  At length they reached the place where they intended to scale the mountains; and, having broken a pathway to the foot, were agreeably surprised to find that the wind had drifted the snow from off the side, so that they attained the summit with but little difficulty.  Here they encamped, with the intention of beating a track through the mountains.  A short experiment, however, obliged them to give up the attempt, the snow lying in vast drifts, often higher than the horses’ heads.

Captain Bonneville now took the two Indian guides, and set out to reconnoitre the neighborhood.  Observing a high peak which overtopped the rest, he climbed it, and discovered from the summit a pass about nine miles long, but so heavily piled with snow, that it seemed impracticable.  He now lit a pipe, and, sitting down with the two guides, proceeded to hold a consultation after the Indian mode.  For a long while they all smoked vigorously and in silence, pondering over the subject matter before them.  At length a discussion commenced, and the opinion in which the two guides concurred was, that the horses could not possibly cross the snows.  They advised, therefore, that the party should proceed on foot, and they should take the horses back to the village, where they would be well taken care of until Captain Bonneville should send for them.  They urged this advice with great earnestness; declaring that their chief would be extremely angry, and treat them severely, should any of the horses of his good friends, the white men, be lost, in crossing under their guidance; and that, therefore, it was good they should not attempt it.

Captain Bonneville sat smoking his pipe, and listening to them with Indian silence and gravity.  When they had finished, he replied to them in their own style of language.

“My friends,” said he, “I have seen the pass, and have listened to your words; you have little hearts.  When troubles and dangers lie in your way, you turn your backs.  That is not the way with my nation.  When great obstacles present, and threaten to keep them back, their hearts swell, and they push forward.  They love to conquer difficulties.  But enough for the present.  Night is coming on; let us return to our camp.”

He moved on, and they followed in silence.  On reaching the camp, he found the men extremely discouraged.  One of their number had been surveying the neighborhood, and seriously assured them that the snow was at least a hundred feet deep.  The captain cheered them up, and diffused fresh spirit in them by his example.  Still he was much perplexed how to proceed.  About dark there was a slight drizzling rain.  An expedient now suggested itself.  This was to make two light sleds, place the packs on them, and drag them to the other side of the mountain, thus forming a road in the wet snow, which, should it afterward freeze, would be sufficiently hard to bear the horses.  This plan was promptly put into execution; the sleds were