personality in emotion and thought.  In the forest-friends of Mowgli we have humanized animals possessing human power of thinking and of expressing.  In real life animal motives seem simple, one dominant motive crowds out all others.  But Kipling’s animals show very complex motives, they reason and judge more than our knowledge of animal life justifies.  In the Just-So Stories Kipling has given us the animal pourquois tale with a basis of scientific truth.  Of these delightful fairy tales, The Elephant’s Child and How the Camel Got His Hump may be used in the kindergarten.  Perhaps the latest evolution of the animal tale is by Charles G.D.  Roberts.  The animal characters in his Kindred of the Wild are given animal characteristics.  They have become interesting as exhibiting these traits and not as typifying human motives; they show an animal psychology.  The tales have a scientific basis, and the interest is centered in this and not in an exaggeration of it.

Having viewed the animal tale as a growth let us look now at a few individual tales:—­

One of the most pleasing animal tales is Henny Penny, or Chicken Lichen, as it is sometimes called, told by Jacobs in English Fairy Tales.  Here the enterprising little hen, new to the ways of the world, ventures to take a walk.  Because a grain of corn falls on her top-knot, she believes the sky is falling, her walk takes direction, and thereafter she proceeds to tell the king.  She takes with her all she meets, who, like her, are credulous,—­Cocky Locky, Ducky Daddies, Goosey Poosey, and Turky Lurky,—­until they meet Foxy Woxy, who leads them into his cave, never to come out again.  This is similar to the delightful Jataka tale of The Foolish Timid Rabbit, which before has been outlined for telling, which has been re-told by Ellen C. Babbit.  In this tale a Rabbit, asleep under a palm tree, heard a noise, and thought “the earth was all breaking up.”  So he ran until he met another Rabbit, and then a hundred other Rabbits, a Deer, a Fox, an Elephant, and at last a Lion.  All the animals except the Lion accepted the Rabbit’s news and followed.  But the Lion made a stand and asked for facts.  He ran to the hill in front of the animals and roared three times.  He traced the tale back to the first Rabbit, and taking him on his back, ran with him to the foot of the hill where the palm tree grew.  There, under the tree, lay a cocoanut.  The Lion explained the sound the Rabbit had heard, then ran back and told the other animals, and they all stopped running. Brother Rabbit Takes Some Exercise, a tale from Nights with Uncle Remus is very similar to Henny Penny and could be used at the same time.  It is also similar to Grimm’s Wolf and Seven Kids, the English Story of Three Pigs, the Irish The End of the World, and an Italian popular tale.

The Sheep and the Pig, adapted from the Scandinavian by Miss Bailey in For the Children’s Hour, given also in Dasent’s Tales from the Field, is a delightfully vivacious and humorous tale which reminds one of Henny Penny.  A Sheep and Pig started out to find a home, to live together.  They traveled until they met a Rabbit and then followed this dialogue: