[141] Stanley Hall, “A Study of Anger,” American Journal of Psychology, July, 1899, p. 549.

[142] Krafft-Ebing refers to such a case as recorded by Schulz, Psychopathia Sexualis, p. 78.

[143] Fere, L’Instinct sexuel, p. 213.

[144] C.F. von Schlichtegroll, Sacher-Masoch und der Masochismus, p. 31.

[145] Archivio di Psichiatria, vol. xv, p. 120.  Mention may also be made of the cases (described as hysterical mixoscopia by Kiernan, Alienist and Neurologist, May, 1903) in which young women address to themselves anonymous letters of an abusive and disgusting character, and show them to others.

[146] Stanley Hall, loc. cit., p. 587.

[147] Archives de Neurologie, Oct., 1907.

[148] G. Stanley Hall, “A Study of Fears,” American Journal of Psychology, vol. viii, No. 2.

[149] A. Cullerre, “De l’Excitation Sexuelle dans les Psychopathies Anxieuses,” Archives de Neurologie, Feb., 1905.

[150] L. Gurlitt (Die Neue Generation, July, 1909).  Moll (Sexualleben des Kindes, p. 84) also give examples of the connection between anxiety and sexual excitement.  Freud (Der Wahn und die Traueme in Jensen’s Gradiva, p. 52) considers that in dream-interpretation we may replace “terror” by “sexual excitement.”  In noting the general sexual effects of fear, we need not strictly separate the group of cases in which the sexual effects are physical only, and fail to be circuited through the brain.

[151] See the article on “Neurasthenia” by Rudolf Arndt in Tuke’s Dictionary of Psychological Medicine.

[152] Lunier, Annales Medico-psychologiques, 1849, p. 153.

[153] Fere, Comptes-rendus de la Societe de Biologie, December 15 and 22, 1900; id., Annee Psychologique, seventh year, 1901, pp. 82-129; more especially the same author’s Travail et Plaisir, 1904.

VII.

Summary of Results Reached—­The Joy of Emotional Expansion—­The
Satisfaction of the Craving for Power—­The Influence of Neurasthenic and
Neuropathic Conditions—­The Problem of Pain in Love Largely Constitutes a
Special Case of Erotic Symbolism.

It may seem to some that in our discussion of the relationships of love and pain we have covered a very wide field.  This was inevitable.  The subject is peculiarly difficult and complex, and if we are to gain a real insight into its nature we must not attempt to force the facts to fit into any narrow and artificial formulas of our own construction.  Yet, as we have unraveled this seemingly confused mass of phenomena it will not have escaped the careful reader that the apparently diverse threads we have disentangled run in a parallel and uniform manner; they all have a like source and they all converge to a like result.  We have seen that the starting-point