[Footnote 1:  Vols.  XIV. to xvi.  The fourteenth volume bears at the end the imprint, “Edinburgh, printed by Balfour and Clarke, 1820;” and the sixteenth volume, “Printed by A. Balfour and Co., Edinburgh, 1823.”  Most of these articles are distinguished by the initials “T.C.”; but they are all attributed to Carlyle in the List of the Authors of the Principal Articles, prefixed to the work on its completion.]

   1.  Lady Mary Wortley Montagu
   2.  Montaigne
   3.  Montesquieu
   4.  Montfaucon
   5.  Dr. Moore
   6.  Sir John Moore
   7.  Necker
   8.  Nelson
   9.  Netherlands
  10.  Newfoundland
  11.  Norfolk
  12.  Northamptonshire
  13.  Northumberland
  14.  Mungo Park
  15.  Lord Chatham
  16.  William Pitt.

The following is from the article on Necker:—­

“As an author, Necker displays much irregular force of imagination, united with considerable perspicuity and compass of thought; though his speculations are deformed by an undue attachment to certain leading ideas, which, harmonizing with his habits of mind, had acquired an excessive preponderance in the course of his long and uncontroverted meditations.  He possessed extensive knowledge, and his works bespeak a philosophical spirit; but their great and characteristic excellence proceeds from that glow of fresh and youthful admiration for everything that is amiable or august in the character of man, which, in Necker’s heart, survived all the blighting vicissitudes it had passed through, combining, in a singular union, the fervour of the stripling with the experience of the sage."[A]

[Footnote A:  “In the earliest authorship of Mr. Carlyle,” says Mr. James Russell Lowell, alluding to these papers, “we find some not obscure hints of the future man.  The outward fashion of them is that of the period; but they are distinguished by a certain security of judgment, remarkable at any time, remarkable especially in one so young.  Carlyle, in these first essays, already shows the influence of his master Goethe, the most widely receptive of critics.  In a compact notice of Montaigne there is not a word as to his religious scepticism.  The character is looked at purely from its human and literary sides.”]

Here is a passage from the article on Newfoundland, interesting as containing perhaps the earliest germ of the later style:—­

“The ships intended for the fishery on the southeast coast, arrive early in June.  Each takes her station opposite any unoccupied part of the beach where the fish may be most conveniently cured, and retains it till the end of the season.  Formerly the master who arrived first on any station was constituted fishing-admiral, and had by law the power of settling disputes among the other crews.  But the jurisdiction of those admirals is now happily superseded by the regular functionaries who reside on shore.  Each captain