GREENE, ROBERT (1560?-1592).—­Poet, dramatist, and pamphleteer, was b. at Norwich, and studied at Camb., where he grad. A.B.  He was also incorporated at Oxf. in 1588.  After travelling in Spain and Italy, he returned to Camb. and took A.M.  Settling in London he was one of the wild and brilliant crew who passed their lives in fitful alternations of literary production and dissipation, and were the creators of the English drama.  He has left an account of his career in which he calls himself “the mirror of mischief.”  During his short life about town, in the course of which he ran through his wife’s fortune, and deserted her soon after the birth of her first child, he poured forth tales, plays, and poems, which had great popularity.  In the tales, or pamphlets as they were then called, he turns to account his wide knowledge of city vices.  His plays, including The Scottish History of James IV., and Orlando Furioso, which are now little read, contain some fine poetry among a good deal of bombast; but his fame rests, perhaps, chiefly on the poems scattered through his writings, which are full of grace and tenderness.  G. d. from the effects of a surfeit of pickled herrings and Rheinish wine.  His extant writings are much less gross than those of many of his contemporaries, and he seems to have given signs of repentance on his deathbed, as is evidenced by his last work, A Groat’s worth of Wit bought with a Million of Repentance.  In this curious work occurs his famous reference to Shakespeare as “an upstart crow beautified with our feathers.”  Among his other works may be mentioned Euphues’ censure to Philautus, Pandosto, the Triumph of Time (1588), from which Shakespeare borrowed the plot of The Winter’s Tale, A Notable Discovery of Coosnage, Arbasto, King of Denmark, Penelope’s Web, Menaphon (1589), and Coney Catching.  His plays, all pub. posthumously, include Friar Bacon and Friar Bungay, Alphonsus, King of Aragon, and George-a-Greene, the Pinner of Wakefield.  His tales are written under the influence of Lyly, whence he received from Gabriel Harvey the nickname of “Euphues’ Ape.”

Plays ed. by Dyce (2 vols., 1831, new ed., 1861).  His works are included in Grosart’s “Huth Library.”

GREG, WILLIAM RATHBONE (1809-1881).—­Essayist, b. in Manchester, and ed. at Bristol and Edin., was for some years engaged in his father’s business as a millowner at Bury.  Becoming deeply interested in political and social questions he contributed to reviews and magazines many papers and essays on these subjects, which were repub. in three collections, viz., Essays on Political and Social Science (1854), Literary and Social Judgments (1869), and Miscellaneous Essays (1884).  Other works of his are Enigmas of Life (1872), Rocks Ahead (1874), and Mistaken Aims, etc. (1876).  In his writings he frequently manifested a distrust of democracy and a pessimistic view of the future of his country.  He held successively the appointments of Commissioner of Customs and Controller of H.M.  Stationery Office.